Goycoolea M V, Goycoolea H G, Farfan C R, Rodriguez L G, Martinez G C, Vidal R
Laryngoscope. 1986 Dec;96(12):1391-6. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198612000-00015.
In an effort to determine whether life in industrialized societies can have an effect on hearing, 90 natives from Easter Island over 45 years old were evaluated. They underwent complete clinical and audiological assessment and were divided into groups according to those having lived only on the island or those having lived in modern civilization. With all factors being equal, except exposure to modern civilization, our results showed that living in civilized societies has a significant negative effect on hearing; the severity is directly proportional to the years of exposure. The median hearing thresholds of natives always living on the island (men and women combined) was found to be similar to those of female citizens of the United States; there was no significant difference in hearing thresholds between men and women among these natives. These results suggest that there are no significant inherent racial differences nor significant inherent differences between males and females in the sensitivity of hearing. A relationship between aging and hearing was noted and interpreted as true or intrinsic presbycusis. There were no cases of otosclerosis, Meniere's disease, or exostoses of the external ear canal among natives who had always lived on the island. Pure natives were found not to be prone to otitis media in spite of having an extremely high incidence of severe upper respiratory tract allergies.
为了确定工业化社会的生活是否会对听力产生影响，对90名年龄超过45岁的复活节岛原住民进行了评估。他们接受了全面的临床和听力评估，并根据仅生活在岛上的人群和生活在现代文明中的人群进行分组。在所有因素相同的情况下，除了接触现代文明这一因素外，我们的研究结果表明，生活在文明社会对听力有显著的负面影响；其严重程度与接触的年限成正比。一直生活在岛上的原住民（男性和女性合计）的听力阈值中位数被发现与美国女性公民的听力阈值中位数相似；这些原住民中男性和女性的听力阈值没有显著差异。这些结果表明，在听力敏感性方面，不存在显著的内在种族差异，也不存在男性和女性之间显著的内在差异。研究发现衰老与听力之间存在关联，并被解释为真正的或内在的老年性聋。一直生活在岛上的原住民中没有耳硬化症、梅尼埃病或外耳道外生骨疣的病例。尽管严重上呼吸道过敏的发病率极高，但纯原住民被发现不易患中耳炎。
