Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, Health Education and Promotion Group, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Oct 17;23(1):2019. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16961-5.
Community participation in implementing health programs leads to positive organizational, social and individual consequences. This study aimed to investigate the prospects of a sample of Iranian healthcare professionals about their perceived barriers to implementing health programs based on community participation.
This was a cross-sectional study that employed a Q-methodology approach. Twenty health professional sorted the 47 statements into a 9-column Q-sort diagram ranging from - 4 as not important to + 4 as very important. The data were analyzed with PQMethod 2.35 software. The centroid factor analysis and varimax rotation were used for data analysis. Factors identified were interpreted and described in terms of the participants perspectives on the phenomenon.
Analysis of the study participants' viewpoints (the Q-sorts) resulted in a five factor solution (accounted for 57% of the total variance) to endorse the main barriers to the implementation of health programs based on community participation in Iran. Barriers related to government, health programs, lack of necessary skills amongst health professionals and weak coordination between departments, barriers related to community, lack of understanding of goals, benefits and transparency of roles and responsibilities were among the important emanated factors to implementing health programs based community participation.
Health policymakers and managers should consider the five mentioned identified barriers based on the community when planning and implementing the health program participation and try to empower the community to implement the programs in Iran.
社区参与实施卫生计划会带来积极的组织、社会和个人影响。本研究旨在调查伊朗医疗保健专业人员对基于社区参与实施卫生计划的感知障碍的看法。
这是一项横断面研究，采用 Q 方法学方法。20 名健康专业人员将 47 条陈述分为 9 列 Q 分类图，范围从不重要（-4）到非常重要（+4）。使用 PQMethod 2.35 软件对数据进行分析。使用重心因素分析法和方差极大旋转法进行数据分析。根据参与者对现象的看法，对确定的因素进行解释和描述。
对研究参与者观点（Q 分类）的分析产生了五个因素解决方案（占总方差的 57%），以支持伊朗基于社区参与实施卫生计划的主要障碍。与政府、卫生计划、卫生专业人员缺乏必要技能以及部门之间协调不力相关的障碍、与社区相关的障碍、对目标、利益和角色与责任透明度缺乏理解等是实施基于社区参与的卫生计划的重要因素。
卫生政策制定者和管理者在规划和实施卫生计划参与时，应考虑到社区方面的这五个已确定的障碍，并努力赋予社区权力，以在伊朗实施这些计划。
