Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels Väg 9, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Oct 18;23(1):2027. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16823-0.
Parenting programs have the potential to improve population health, if widely disseminated. However, wide-scale dissemination is challenging. Also, more knowledge is needed of whether parenting programs are effective for the variability of families in the general population.
This study aimed to investigate who the universal parenting program All Children in Focus (ABC) reaches when offered in routine care in Sweden. A second aim was to investigate if the outcomes were predicted by factors related to family background, group leader experience, and homework completion. Questionnaires were collected before and after ABC from 1420 parents. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to examine predictors of disruptive child behavior, parenting practices, and satisfaction.
ABC was available in about 40% of Swedish municipalities and reached a fairly representative population sample, with the exception that fewer fathers than mothers participated. The examined predictors explained a small proportion of the variance in the outcomes (2.5, 3.5 and 14.7%, respectively). Still, the effect on disruptive child behavior was statistically significantly larger for parents born in Sweden, with higher education, and older children. The effect on parenting practices was also larger for parents born in Sweden, for mothers, and for those practicing homework more frequently. Most examined predictors showed no statistically significant association with child and parenting outcomes. Parents were generally satisfied with ABC and the significant predictors of satisfaction had little practical meaning.
A fairly representative group of parents across Sweden were reached by ABC. Background variables, homework completion, and group leaders' experience explained a small proportion of variance in the outcomes. Meanwhile, the slightly lower intervention effects found for preschool children and parents born abroad calls for further investigation, since even small differences in effects can have an impact at a population level. The study also points to the importance of stressing homework completion and to increase the reach of universal parenting interventions to some underrepresented groups.
如果广泛传播，育儿计划有可能改善人口健康。但是，大规模传播具有挑战性。此外，还需要更多的知识来了解育儿计划对于普通人群中家庭的可变性是否有效。
本研究旨在调查在瑞典常规护理中提供的通用育儿计划“All Children in Focus (ABC)”可以覆盖哪些人群。第二个目的是调查结果是否可以通过与家庭背景、组长经验和家庭作业完成情况相关的因素来预测。在 ABC 前后，从 1420 位家长那里收集了问卷。进行了分层回归分析，以检查破坏性行为、育儿实践和满意度的预测因素。
ABC 在瑞典大约 40%的城市都有提供，并且覆盖了相当具有代表性的人群样本，只是参与的父亲比母亲少。所检查的预测因素仅解释了结果的一小部分差异（分别为 2.5%、3.5%和 14.7%）。尽管如此，对于在瑞典出生、受过高等教育和孩子年龄较大的父母，对破坏性行为的影响在统计学上更大。对于在瑞典出生的父母、母亲以及更频繁地完成家庭作业的父母，对育儿实践的影响也更大。大多数被检查的预测因素与儿童和育儿结果没有统计学上的显著关联。父母对 ABC 普遍感到满意，满意度的显著预测因素几乎没有实际意义。
在瑞典，相当一部分具有代表性的父母都参加了 ABC。背景变量、家庭作业完成情况和组长的经验仅解释了结果差异的一小部分。同时，对于学龄前儿童和在国外出生的父母，发现干预效果略低，这需要进一步调查，因为即使效果差异很小，也会对人口水平产生影响。该研究还指出强调家庭作业完成情况的重要性，并增加普遍育儿干预措施对一些代表性不足群体的覆盖范围。
