Asfaw Tsegahun, Genetu Deribew, Shenkute Demissew, Shenkutie Tassew Tefera, Amare Yosef Eshetie, Yitayew Berhanu
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Departments of Biomedical Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Sep 6;15:5265-5274. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S375043. eCollection 2022.
Foodborne pathogens are the most common cause of foodborne disease worldwide. They contaminate food at all stages of the food chain, at the agricultural production level (soil and irrigation), from animal sources or at the time of preparation by food handlers. Therefore, food security is a critical issue that affects everyone in the world. Current studies indicate that the problem is more severe in low-income countries like Ethiopia. The majority of studies in Ethiopia have been conducted partially on human, animal or environmental samples with conventional culture-based diagnostic methods. Therefore, this review was conducted to gather information on the main foodborne pathogens and identify gaps in their traceability. Clinically important foodborne pathogens in Ethiopia include ( spp., ), bacteria ( spp, spp. , and ), and viruses like (rotaviruses, enteroviruses and astroviruses, hepatitis E virus). In Ethiopia, all isolated foodborne bacterial pathogens showed high rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In particular, the most studied foodborne pathogens, spp., spp., and from specific sources, showing high levels of resistance to most of the antibiotics prescribed in Ethiopia. The occurrence and persistence of AMR in food is one of the main factors causing the spread of antimicrobial resistance in different compartments, humans, animals and the environment. Therefore, strategies of coordination and struggle from a One Health perspective is an urgent strategy to control antibiotic resistance in order to achieve better outcomes for human and animal health.
食源性病原体是全球食源性疾病最常见的病因。它们在食物链的各个阶段污染食物，包括农业生产阶段（土壤和灌溉）、动物源或食品处理人员制备食物时。因此，食品安全是一个影响世界上每个人的关键问题。目前的研究表明，在像埃塞俄比亚这样的低收入国家，这个问题更为严重。埃塞俄比亚的大多数研究部分是使用基于传统培养的诊断方法对人类、动物或环境样本进行的。因此，进行本综述以收集有关主要食源性病原体的信息，并确定其可追溯性方面的差距。埃塞俄比亚临床上重要的食源性病原体包括（ 属， 种）、细菌（ 种、 种、 种和 种）以及病毒（轮状病毒、肠道病毒、星状病毒、戊型肝炎病毒）。在埃塞俄比亚，所有分离出的食源细菌性病原体均表现出高耐药率。特别是，来自特定来源的研究最多的食源性病原体， 种、 种和 种，对埃塞俄比亚规定的大多数抗生素表现出高水平耐药。食品中抗菌药物耐药性的出现和持续存在是导致抗菌药物耐药性在不同领域（人类、动物和环境）传播的主要因素之一。因此，从“同一个健康”角度进行协调和斗争的策略是控制抗生素耐药性以实现人类和动物健康更好结果的紧迫策略。
