Department of Biology, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
J Asthma. 2024 Apr;61(4):348-359. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2272813. Epub 2023 Nov 1.
House dust mite aeroallergens are predominant triggers of frequent asthma attacks among adults and children. The intensity of asthma and immune reaction necessitates treatment alternatives based on adjusting chosen immunity biomarkers to control the exacerbation of symptoms and establish long-term immune tolerance. In this study, we selected CD4CD25Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs), FOXP3, and Sirtuin-1 as they are known to have a potential role in the immune reaction in different allergic diseases. We investigated their interplay during HDM allergic asthma and its respective immunotherapy.
Eighty-four subjects were divided into 3 groups; healthy controls (CT), HDM asthma patients without immunotherapy (WOIT), and HDM asthma patients treated with subcutaneous immunotherapy for 6 months before recruitment (WIT). They were enrolled according to the pulmonary function, skin prick tests, and HDM-specific IgE. CD4 CD25 and CD4 CD25 FOXP3 T cells Cell percentages, FOXP3 gene expression, and Sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) serum level were analyzed.
We found that there is a significant difference between WOIT and WIT groups in the CD4 CD25 and CD4 CD25 FOXP3 T cell percentages. While there is no statistically significant difference between WOIT and WIT groups in FOXP3 level. On the controversy, the SIRT1 level in the CT group (4.53 ± 3.880) significantly decreased in the WOIT and WIT groups.
This study revealed that both CD4 CD25 and CD4 CD25 high FOXP3 cell percentages increased in the WIT group and declined in the WOIT group. While, FOXP3 gene expression increased in both groups. In addition, the Sirt1 serum level showed some improvement in WIT group after a serious drop in the WOIT group comparing with the CT group. The modulation of these biomarkers for the remission and control of allergic asthma can be a prognostic outcome of immunotherapy which needs to be confirmed by larger scale studies.
屋尘螨过敏原是成人和儿童频繁哮喘发作的主要诱因。哮喘的严重程度和免疫反应需要基于调整选择的免疫生物标志物的治疗选择，以控制症状恶化并建立长期免疫耐受。在这项研究中，我们选择 CD4CD25Foxp3 调节性 T 细胞（Treg）、FOXP3 和 Sirtuin-1，因为它们已知在不同过敏性疾病的免疫反应中具有潜在作用。我们研究了它们在屋尘螨变应性哮喘及其各自免疫治疗中的相互作用。
84 名受试者分为 3 组；健康对照组（CT）、未接受免疫治疗的屋尘螨哮喘患者（WOIT）和在招募前接受皮下免疫治疗 6 个月的屋尘螨哮喘患者（WIT）。根据肺功能、皮肤点刺试验和屋尘螨特异性 IgE 招募他们。分析 CD4CD25 和 CD4CD25 FOXP3 T 细胞百分比、FOXP3 基因表达和 Sirtuin-1（Sirt1）血清水平。
我们发现 WOIT 和 WIT 组之间的 CD4CD25 和 CD4CD25 FOXP3 T 细胞百分比有显著差异。而 FOXP3 水平在 WOIT 和 WIT 组之间没有统计学差异。相反，CT 组（4.53±3.880）的 SIRT1 水平在 WOIT 和 WIT 组中显著降低。
本研究表明，WIT 组中 CD4CD25 和 CD4CD25 高 FOXP3 细胞百分比增加，而 WOIT 组则减少。而两组 FOXP3 基因表达均增加。此外，与 CT 组相比，WIT 组的 Sirt1 血清水平在 WOIT 组严重下降后有所改善。这些生物标志物的调节对于缓解和控制过敏性哮喘可能是免疫治疗的预后结果，需要通过更大规模的研究来证实。
