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Phi 随意外生变量波动：自由能原理和整合信息理论综合的实证初探。

Phi fluctuates with surprisal: An empirical pre-study for the synthesis of the free energy principle and integrated information theory.

机构信息

Interacting Minds Centre (IMC), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS Comput Biol. 2023 Oct 20;19(10):e1011346. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011346. eCollection 2023 Oct.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011346
PMID:37862364
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10619809/
Abstract

The Free Energy Principle (FEP) and Integrated Information Theory (IIT) are two ambitious theoretical approaches. The first aims to make a formal framework for describing self-organizing and life-like systems in general, and the second attempts a mathematical theory of conscious experience based on the intrinsic properties of a system. They are each concerned with complementary aspects of the properties of systems, one with life and behavior, the other with meaning and experience, so combining them has potential for scientific value. In this paper, we take a first step towards such a synthesis by expanding on the results of an earlier published evolutionary simulation study, which show a relationship between IIT-measures and fitness in differing complexities of tasks. We relate a basic information theoretic measure from the FEP, surprisal, to this result, finding that the surprisal of simulated agents' observations is inversely related to the general increase in fitness and integration over evolutionary time. Moreover, surprisal fluctuates together with IIT-based consciousness measures in within-trial time. This suggests that the consciousness measures used in IIT indirectly depend on the relation between the agent and the external world, and that it should therefore be possible to relate them to the theoretical concepts used in the FEP. Lastly, we suggest a future approach for investigating this relationship empirically.

摘要

自由能原理（FEP）和综合信息理论（IIT）是两种雄心勃勃的理论方法。第一个旨在为一般的自组织和类生命系统建立一个正式的框架，而第二个则试图基于系统的内在特性建立一个有意识体验的数学理论。它们都关注系统属性的互补方面，一个与生命和行为有关，另一个与意义和体验有关，因此将它们结合起来具有潜在的科学价值。在本文中，我们通过扩展早期发表的进化模拟研究的结果，朝着这种综合迈出了第一步，该结果表明 IIT 度量与不同任务复杂度下的适应性之间存在关系。我们将 FEP 中的一个基本信息论度量，惊讶度，与这一结果联系起来，发现模拟主体观察的惊讶度与适应度和进化时间的综合普遍增加呈反比。此外，惊讶度在试验内时间与基于 IIT 的意识度量一起波动。这表明 IIT 中使用的意识度量间接取决于主体与外部世界之间的关系，因此应该有可能将它们与 FEP 中使用的理论概念联系起来。最后，我们提出了一种未来的实证研究这种关系的方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/4815231855a7/pcbi.1011346.g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/96b3802fe168/pcbi.1011346.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/c61b73e69a71/pcbi.1011346.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/c70f9c8e6b06/pcbi.1011346.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/f1c20fa9e484/pcbi.1011346.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/84f2d5333b21/pcbi.1011346.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/908bde346c69/pcbi.1011346.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/fbd073fd7619/pcbi.1011346.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/4061bf33dbc7/pcbi.1011346.g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/e71b5f61d8f5/pcbi.1011346.g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/4815231855a7/pcbi.1011346.g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/96b3802fe168/pcbi.1011346.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/c61b73e69a71/pcbi.1011346.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/c70f9c8e6b06/pcbi.1011346.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/f1c20fa9e484/pcbi.1011346.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/84f2d5333b21/pcbi.1011346.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/908bde346c69/pcbi.1011346.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/fbd073fd7619/pcbi.1011346.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/4061bf33dbc7/pcbi.1011346.g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/e71b5f61d8f5/pcbi.1011346.g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/999b/10619809/4815231855a7/pcbi.1011346.g010.jpg

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