Enzmann D R, Rubin J B, DeLaPaz R, Wright A
Radiology. 1986 Dec;161(3):773-8. doi: 10.1148/radiology.161.3.3786731.
Physiologic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsation causes a harmonic modulation of proton precessional phase with two-dimensional Fourier transform (2DFT) imaging, which results in predictable regions of signal loss and the presence of phase-shift images ("ghost images"). CSF that is not pulsating exhibits a higher signal than does pulsatile CSF. This phenomenon can be diagnostically useful in disease entities associated with decreased CSF pulsation amplitude, such as arachnoid cyst, intraventricular cyst, spinal stenosis, and spinal block caused by extramedullary or epidural tumor. Unfortunately, this increased signal can also mimic disease such as epidural tumor in the spine or acoustic neuroma in the internal auditory canal. An abnormal pattern of CSF pulsation, as occurs in patients with arachnoiditis, can cause unusual areas of signal loss, which complicate image interpretation and can mimic pathologic conditions. Recognition of CSF pulsation effects will increase in importance as thin-section magnetic resonance imaging becomes more common, because thin sections enhance these effects with 2DFT.
生理性脑脊液（CSF）搏动通过二维傅里叶变换（2DFT）成像引起质子进动相位的谐波调制，这导致了可预测的信号丢失区域和相移图像（“鬼影图像”）的出现。不搏动的脑脊液比搏动的脑脊液表现出更高的信号。这种现象在与脑脊液搏动幅度降低相关的疾病实体中具有诊断价值，如蛛网膜囊肿、脑室内囊肿、椎管狭窄以及由髓外或硬膜外肿瘤引起的脊髓阻滞。不幸的是，这种增强的信号也可能模拟疾病，如脊柱硬膜外肿瘤或内耳道听神经瘤。蛛网膜膜炎患者出现的脑脊液搏动异常模式可导致异常的信号丢失区域，这会使图像解释复杂化，并可能模拟病理状况。随着薄层磁共振成像变得更加普遍，识别脑脊液搏动效应将变得更加重要，因为薄层会增强2DFT的这些效应。
