ExCE Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 23;18(10):e0292957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292957. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this study was to investigate the independent and joint associations of low cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength with cardiometabolic risk in older adults. A total of 360 community-dwelling older adults aged 60-80 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Cardiometabolic risk was based on the diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome and poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health according to the American Heart Association guidelines. Cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength were estimated using the six-minute walk and the 30-second chair stand tests, respectively. Participants in the 20th percentile were defined as having low cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength. Poisson's regression was used to determine the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of Metabolic Syndrome and poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health. Participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness alone and combined with low lower-limb muscle strength were similarly associated with a higher risk for Metabolic Syndrome (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.48, and PR 1.32, 95% CI 1.10-1.58, respectively), and poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health (PR 1.76, 95% CI 1.25-2.47, and PR 1.65, 95% CI 1.19-2.28, respectively). Low lower-limb muscle strength alone was not associated with a higher risk for either Metabolic Syndrome or poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health (PR 1.23, 95% CI 0.81-1.87, and PR 1.11, 95% CI 0.89-1.37, respectively). Low cardiorespiratory fitness alone or combined with low lower-limb muscle strength, but not low lower-limb muscle strength alone, was associated with a higher cardiometabolic risk in older adults. The assessment of physical fitness may be a "window of opportunity" to identify youngest-old adults with a high cardiovascular disease risk.
本研究旨在探讨低心肺功能和下肢肌肉力量与老年人心血管代谢风险的独立和联合关联。共有 360 名年龄在 60-80 岁的社区居住老年人参与了这项横断面研究。心血管代谢风险基于代谢综合征的诊断和根据美国心脏协会指南的理想心血管健康状况不佳。心肺功能和下肢肌肉力量分别使用 6 分钟步行和 30 秒椅子站立测试进行评估。第 20 百分位的参与者被定义为心肺功能低和下肢肌肉力量低。使用泊松回归确定代谢综合征和理想心血管健康不佳的患病率比（PR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。单独和合并低下肢肌肉力量的低心肺功能与代谢综合征（PR 1.27，95%CI 1.09-1.48 和 PR 1.32，95%CI 1.10-1.58）和理想心血管健康不佳（PR 1.76，95%CI 1.25-2.47 和 PR 1.65，95%CI 1.19-2.28）的风险增加相关，而低下肢肌肉力量单独与代谢综合征或理想心血管健康不佳的风险增加无关（PR 1.23，95%CI 0.81-1.87 和 PR 1.11，95%CI 0.89-1.37）。单独低下肢肌肉力量或与低心肺功能相结合，但不是单独低下肢肌肉力量，与老年人更高的心血管代谢风险相关。体能评估可能是识别心血管疾病风险较高的最年轻老年人的“机会之窗”。
