Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2024 Jan;20(1):50-61. doi: 10.1038/s41574-023-00908-2. Epub 2023 Oct 23.
The signals and structure of the tissues in which leukocytes reside critically mould leukocyte function and development and have challenged our fundamental understanding of how to define and categorize tissue-resident immune cells. One specialized tissue niche that has a powerful effect on immune cell function is adipose tissue. The field of adipose tissue leukocyte biology has expanded dramatically and has revealed how tissue niches can shape immune cell function and reshape them in a setting of metabolic stress, such as obesity. Most notably, adipose tissue macrophages and T cells are under intense investigation due to their contributions to adipose tissue in the lean and obese states. Both adipose tissue macrophages and T cells have features associated with the metabolic function of adipose tissue that are distinct from features of macrophages and T cells that are classically characterized in other tissues. This Review provides state-of-the-art understanding of adipose tissue macrophages and T cells and discusses how their unique niche can help us to better understand diversity in leukocyte responses.
组织中的信号和结构对白细胞的功能和发育有至关重要的影响，这挑战了我们对如何定义和分类组织驻留免疫细胞的基本理解。一个对免疫细胞功能有强大影响的特殊组织龛位是脂肪组织。脂肪组织白细胞生物学领域已经有了巨大的发展，并揭示了组织龛位如何影响免疫细胞的功能，以及在代谢应激（如肥胖）条件下重塑它们。最值得注意的是，由于脂肪组织巨噬细胞和 T 细胞在瘦素和肥胖状态下对脂肪组织的贡献，它们受到了强烈的关注。脂肪组织巨噬细胞和 T 细胞都具有与脂肪组织代谢功能相关的特征，这些特征与经典特征在其他组织中的巨噬细胞和 T 细胞特征不同。这篇综述提供了对脂肪组织巨噬细胞和 T 细胞的最新理解，并讨论了它们独特的龛位如何帮助我们更好地理解白细胞反应的多样性。
