Animal Health, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2113, Australia.
Merck Animal Health, 126 E. Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA.
Parasit Vectors. 2023 Oct 23;16(1):378. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-05960-5.
Poor owner compliance with monthly control measures means that dogs in Australia can remain susceptible to infestations with fleas, present throughout the whole year, and brown dog ticks, which thrive in tropical and subtropical areas. A 150 mg/ml injectable fluralaner suspension (Bravecto Quantum™) was developed to help ensure year-round protection against these parasites. A study investigated the persistent efficacy of this formulation against repeated challenges with Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) and Ctenocephalides felis throughout 12 months following a single subcutaneous treatment.
Twenty dogs were blocked by pre-treatment R. sanguineus s.l. counts and randomized to an untreated control group or to a group treated once, on day 0, with the fluralaner injection (15 mg/kg). Infestations of 50 mixed-sex, unfed adult R. sanguineus s.l. and up to 100 C. felis were done on days 7, 14, 35, 63, 91, 126, 154, 182, 210, 245, 273, 301, 336 and 365. Live flea and tick counts were completed 48 h post-infestation. Flea infestations were also done on day -1, with counts on day 2. Infestations were considered adequate if at each evaluation, at least six dogs in the control group retained at least 20% of tick challenges and 25% of flea challenges.
The fluralaner injectable suspension was well tolerated. Efficacy against existing flea infestations was > 99% (arithmetic and geometric means) at 48 h post-treatment. At all subsequent assessments throughout the year following treatment, efficacy against fleas remained at 100%. Arithmetic mean tick count reductions relative to the control group ranged from 97.6% to 100% from day 7 through 11 months and was 92.6% at 12 months (geometric means 95.2% to 100% through 12 months).
The injectable fluralaner suspension was effective against fleas and brown dog ticks for 12 months following a single treatment. Compared with more frequently administered products where compliance may be suboptimal, the year-round efficacy of this veterinarian-administered fluralaner formulation has the potential to improve owner compliance for control of fleas and ticks. In turn, by reducing the detrimental effects of flea and tick infestations and risk of transmission of flea- and tick-borne pathogens, canine health can be enhanced.
由于主人每月控制措施的依从性差，澳大利亚的狗仍然容易受到全年存在的跳蚤和繁殖于热带和亚热带地区的棕色犬蜱的感染。为了帮助确保全年免受这些寄生虫的侵害，开发了一种 150mg/ml 可注射氟拉纳伦混悬剂（Bravecto Quantum™）。一项研究调查了这种制剂在单次皮下治疗后 12 个月内重复挑战莱姆犬（Rhipicephalus sanguineus（广义））和猫栉首蚤（Ctenocephalides felis）时的持续疗效。
20 只狗按预先治疗的莱姆犬（广义）计数进行分组，并随机分为未治疗的对照组或在第 0 天接受氟拉纳伦注射（15mg/kg）的治疗组。在第 7、14、35、63、91、126、154、182、210、245、273、301、336 和 365 天，进行了 50 只混合性别、未喂食的成年莱姆犬（广义）和多达 100 只猫栉首蚤的感染。在感染后 48 小时进行活跳蚤和蜱虫计数。在第-1 天也进行了跳蚤感染，第 2 天进行了计数。如果在每次评估中，对照组中至少有 6 只狗保留了至少 20%的蜱挑战和 25%的跳蚤挑战，则认为感染是充分的。
氟拉纳伦可注射混悬剂的耐受性良好。在治疗后 48 小时，对现有跳蚤感染的疗效超过 99%（算术和几何平均值）。在治疗后 1 年内的所有后续评估中，对跳蚤的疗效仍保持在 100%。与可能依从性较差的更频繁给药产品相比，相对于对照组，从第 7 天到第 11 个月，蜱虫的算术平均减少率为 97.6%至 100%，第 12 个月为 92.6%（几何平均值为 95.2%至 100%，通过 12 个月）。
单次治疗后，可注射氟拉纳伦混悬剂对跳蚤和棕色犬蜱均有效，有效期为 12 个月。与更频繁给药的产品相比，这种兽医管理的氟拉纳伦制剂的全年疗效有可能提高主人对控制跳蚤和蜱虫的依从性。反过来，通过减少跳蚤和蜱虫感染的不利影响以及传播跳蚤和蜱虫传播的病原体的风险，可以增强犬的健康。
