Rikvold Pernille Thestrup, Kambourakis Johnsen Karina, Leonhardt Dirk, Møllebjerg Andreas, Nielsen Signe Maria, Skov Hansen Lea Benedicte, Meyer Rikke Louise, Schlafer Sebastian
Section for Oral Ecology and Caries Control, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Central Laboratory, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
3D Print Addit Manuf. 2023 Oct 1;10(5):1036-1045. doi: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0009. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
Dental biofilms are complex medical biofilms that cause caries, the most prevalent disease of humankind. They are typically collected using handcrafted intraoral devices with mounted carriers for biofilm growth. As the geometry of handcrafted devices is not standardized, the shear forces acting on the biofilms and the access to salivary nutrients differ between carriers. The resulting variability in biofilm growth renders the comparison of different treatment modalities difficult. The aim of the present work was to design and validate an additively manufactured intraoral device with a dental bar produced by direct metal laser sintering and vat photopolymerized inserts with standardized geometry for the mounting of biofilm carriers. Additive manufacturing reduced the production time and cost, guaranteed an accurate fit of the devices and facilitated the handling of carriers without disturbing the biofilm. Biofilm growth was robust, with increasing thickness over time and moderate inter- and intraindividual variation (coefficients of variance 0.48-0.87). The biofilms showed the typical architecture and composition of dental biofilms, as evidenced by confocal microscopy and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Deeper inserts offering increased protection from shear tended to increase the biofilm thickness, whereas prolonged exposure to sucrose during growth increased the biofilm volume but not the thickness. Ratiometric pH imaging revealed considerable pH variation between participants and also inside single biofilms. Intraoral devices for biofilm collection constitute a new application for medical additive manufacturing and offer the best possible basis for studying the influence of different treatment modalities on biofilm growth, composition, and virulence. The Clinical Trial Registration number is: 1-10-72-193-20.
牙菌斑是导致龋齿的复杂医学生物膜，龋齿是人类最常见的疾病。它们通常使用带有用于生物膜生长的固定载体的手工口腔内装置来收集。由于手工装置的几何形状不标准，作用于生物膜的剪切力以及唾液营养物质的获取在不同载体之间存在差异。生物膜生长的这种变异性使得不同治疗方式的比较变得困难。本研究的目的是设计并验证一种增材制造的口腔内装置，该装置带有通过直接金属激光烧结生产的牙棒和具有标准化几何形状的光固化插入物，用于安装生物膜载体。增材制造减少了生产时间和成本，确保了装置的精确贴合，并便于在不干扰生物膜的情况下处理载体。生物膜生长稳健，厚度随时间增加，个体间和个体内变异适中（变异系数为0.48 - 0.87）。共聚焦显微镜和16S rRNA基因测序表明，这些生物膜呈现出牙菌斑典型的结构和组成。提供更多抗剪切保护的更深插入物往往会增加生物膜厚度，而生长过程中长时间暴露于蔗糖会增加生物膜体积但不会增加厚度。比率pH成像显示参与者之间以及单个生物膜内部的pH存在显著差异。用于生物膜收集的口腔内装置构成了医学增材制造的一种新应用，并为研究不同治疗方式对生物膜生长、组成和毒力的影响提供了最佳基础。临床试验注册号为：1 - 10 - 72 - 193 - 20。
