Cao Zhimin, Cao Pan
Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing and Smart Transportation, Suzhou City University, Suzhou 215104, China.
College of mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2023 Oct 21;8(6):502. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8060502.
The adhesion of marine-fouling organisms to ships significantly increases the hull surface resistance and expedites hull material corrosion. This review delves into the marine biofouling mechanism on marine material surfaces, analyzing the fouling organism adhesion process on hull surfaces and common desorption methods. It highlights the crucial role played by surface energy in antifouling and drag reduction on hulls. The paper primarily concentrates on low-surface-energy antifouling coatings, such as organic silicon and organic fluorine, for ship hull antifouling and drag reduction. Furthermore, it explores the antifouling mechanisms of silicon-based and fluorine-based low-surface-energy antifouling coatings, elucidating their respective advantages and limitations in real-world applications. This review also investigates the antifouling effectiveness of bionic microstructures based on the self-cleaning abilities of natural organisms. It provides a thorough analysis of antifouling and drag reduction theories and preparation methods linked to marine organism surface microstructures, while also clarifying the relationship between microstructure surface antifouling and surface hydrophobicity. Furthermore, it reviews the impact of antibacterial agents, especially antibacterial peptides, on fouling organisms' adhesion to substrate surfaces and compares the differing effects of surface structure and substances on ship surface antifouling. The paper outlines the potential applications and future directions for low-surface-energy antifouling coating technology.
海洋污损生物附着于船舶会显著增加船体表面阻力并加速船体材料腐蚀。本综述深入探讨了海洋材料表面的海洋生物污损机制，分析了污损生物在船体表面的附着过程及常见的解吸方法。强调了表面能在船体防污和减阻方面所起的关键作用。本文主要聚焦于用于船体防污和减阻的低表面能防污涂层，如有机硅和有机氟涂层。此外，还探讨了硅基和氟基低表面能防污涂层的防污机理，阐明了它们在实际应用中的各自优缺点。本综述还基于天然生物的自清洁能力研究了仿生微结构的防污效果。全面分析了与海洋生物表面微结构相关的防污和减阻理论及制备方法，同时阐明了微结构表面防污与表面疏水性之间的关系。此外，综述了抗菌剂，尤其是抗菌肽，对污损生物附着于基底表面的影响，并比较了表面结构和物质对船舶表面防污的不同作用。本文概述了低表面能防污涂层技术的潜在应用和未来发展方向。
