Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, P.R. China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang ENT Hospital and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China.
Int J Mol Med. 2023 Dec;52(6). doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5320. Epub 2023 Oct 27.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common pathological condition in otorhinolaryngology. Its prevalence has been increasing worldwide and is becoming a major burden to the world population. Dendritic cells (DCs) are typically activated and matured after capturing, phagocytosing, and processing allergens during the immunopathogenesis of AR. In addition, the process of DC activation and maturation is accompanied by the production of exosomes, which are cell‑derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can carry proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other cargoes involved in intercellular communication and material transfer. In particular, DC‑derived exosomes (Dex) can participate in allergic immune responses, where the biological substances carried by them can have potentially important implications for both the pathogenesis and treatment of AR. Dex can also be exploited to carry anti‑allergy agents to effectively treat AR. This provides a novel method to explore the pathogenesis of and treatment strategies for AR further. Therefore, the present review focuses on the origin, composition, function, and biological characteristics of DCs, exosomes, and Dex, in addition to the possible relationship between Dex and AR.
变应性鼻炎（AR）是耳鼻喉科的一种常见病理状况。其患病率在全球范围内不断增加，正成为世界人口的主要负担。树突状细胞（DCs）在 AR 的免疫发病机制中，通常在捕获、吞噬和处理过敏原后被激活和成熟。此外，DC 激活和成熟的过程伴随着外泌体的产生，外泌体是细胞来源的细胞外囊泡（EVs），可以携带参与细胞间通讯和物质转移的蛋白质、脂质、核酸和其他货物。特别是，树突状细胞衍生的外泌体（Dex）可以参与过敏免疫反应，其中它们携带的生物物质可能对 AR 的发病机制和治疗具有重要意义。Dex 还可以被利用来携带抗过敏药物，以有效治疗 AR。这为进一步探索 AR 的发病机制和治疗策略提供了一种新方法。因此，本综述重点介绍了 DCs、外泌体和 Dex 的起源、组成、功能和生物学特性，以及 Dex 与 AR 之间的可能关系。
