Yin Yukun, Zhang Yuanyu, Guo Li, Li Pengcui, Wang Dongming, Huang Lingan, Zhao Xiaoqin, Wu Gaige, Li Lu, Wei Xiaochun
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Oct 12;13(20):3193. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13203193.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on the superficial zone of the osteoarticular cartilage during osteoarthritis progression. Three-month-old, nine-month-old, and eighteen-month-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, moderate exercise and no exercise, for 10 weeks. Histological staining, immunostaining, and nanoindentation measurements were conducted to detect changes in the superficial zone. X-ray and micro-CT were quantitated to detect alterations in the microarchitecture of the tibial subchondral bone. Cells were extracted from the superficial zone of the cartilage under fluid-flow shear stress conditions to further verify changes in vitro. The number of cells and proteoglycan content in the superficial zone increased more in the exercise group than in the control group. Exercise can change the content and distribution of collagen types I and III in the superficial layer. In addition, TGFβ/pSmad2/3 and Prg4 expression levels increased under the intervention of exercise on the superficial zone. Exercise can improve the Young's modulus of the cartilage and reduce the abnormal subchondral bone remodeling which occurs after superficial zone changes. Moderate exercise delays the degeneration of the articular cartilage by its effect on the superficial zone, and the TGFβ/pSmad2/3 signaling pathways and Prg4 play an important role.
本研究旨在评估运动对骨关节炎进展过程中骨关节软骨表层区域的影响。将3个月大、9个月大及18个月大的斯普拉格-道利大鼠随机分为两组，即适度运动组和不运动组，持续10周。进行组织学染色、免疫染色及纳米压痕测量以检测表层区域的变化。对X射线和微型计算机断层扫描进行定量分析以检测胫骨软骨下骨微结构的改变。在流体剪切应力条件下从软骨表层区域提取细胞以进一步验证体外变化。运动组表层区域的细胞数量和蛋白聚糖含量的增加幅度大于对照组。运动可改变表层中I型和III型胶原蛋白的含量及分布。此外，在运动对表层区域的干预下，转化生长因子β/磷酸化Smad2/3和润滑蛋白4（Prg4）的表达水平升高。运动可提高软骨的杨氏模量并减少表层区域变化后发生的软骨下骨异常重塑。适度运动通过对表层区域的作用延缓关节软骨退变，且转化生长因子β/磷酸化Smad2/3信号通路和润滑蛋白4发挥重要作用。
