Toledo-Solís Francisco Javier, Mokhles Abadi Farahani Amin, Yagüe Sara, Mateos-Aparicio Inmaculada, Pérez Valentín, Larrán Ana María, Moyano Francisco Javier, Fernández Ignacio
Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.
Centro de Investigaciones Costeras-ICBiol-UNICACH, Calle Juan José Calzada s/n, Tonalá 30500, Chiapas, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 11;13(20):3178. doi: 10.3390/ani13203178.
In fish diets, soybean meal (SBM) is still positioned as the most widely used alternative to replace fishmeal. Red vetchling (), a crop locally produced in Europe, is here evaluated as a substitute for SBM. Rainbow trout () juveniles (10.34 ± 0.04 g) were fed for 90 days. Six experimental diets replacing the SBM content at 0, 8, 16, 33, 66, and 100% (Named Control, T8, T16, T33, T66, and T100) were tested. Growth performance and fish fillet amino acid composition were only significantly reduced in fish fed the T100 diet. Histopathological analysis showed that no major alterations were observed in the intestine, while T100 fish had a higher density of pyknotic nuclei in the hepatocytes than the Control, but similar hepatocyte surface coverage. Finally, postprandial levels of glucose and triglycerides in blood plasma decreased when red vetchling content was increased, but was only not fully restored after 24 h in the case of glucose in T66 and T100 fish. According to these results, red vetchling meal can replace up to 66% of the SBM without a negative effect on fish growth or physiology, representing a good alternative raw material for reducing European aquaculture's dependency on SBM imports and the carbon footprint of aquafeeds.
在鱼类饲料中，豆粕（SBM）仍然是替代鱼粉使用最广泛的原料。红豆草（欧洲当地种植的一种作物）在此被评估为豆粕的替代品。对虹鳟幼鱼（10.34±0.04克）进行了90天的投喂试验。测试了六种用红豆草替代0%、8%、16%、33%、66%和100%豆粕含量的实验饲料（分别命名为对照、T8、T16、T33、T66和T100）。仅投喂T100饲料的鱼的生长性能和鱼片氨基酸组成显著降低。组织病理学分析表明，肠道未观察到重大变化，而T100组鱼肝细胞中固缩核的密度高于对照组，但肝细胞表面覆盖率相似。最后，血浆中葡萄糖和甘油三酯的餐后水平随着红豆草含量的增加而降低，但在T66和T100组鱼中，葡萄糖在24小时后仅未完全恢复。根据这些结果，红豆草粉可以替代高达66%的豆粕，而不会对鱼类生长或生理产生负面影响，这是减少欧洲水产养殖对豆粕进口的依赖和水产饲料碳足迹的良好替代原料。
