Hörner-Schmid Lina, Palić Jelena, Mueller Ralf S, Schulz Bianka
LMU Small Animal Clinic, University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Vet Med Labor GmbH Division of IDEXX Laboratories, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 15;13(20):3226. doi: 10.3390/ani13203226.
The etiology of feline inflammatory bronchial disease is poorly understood. This study compares the degree of allergen-specific serum IgE responses between cats with feline asthma, chronic bronchitis, mixed inflammation, and clinically healthy cats (HCs). The retrospective case-control study used serum from eighteen cats with eosinophilic inflammation (EI), ten with neutrophilic inflammation (NI), six with mixed inflammation (MI), and fourteen HCs. Affected cats were categorized into groups based on bronchoalveolar lavage cytology. The measurement of IgE for 34 different allergens including fungal organisms, weeds, grasses, trees, mites, and insects was performed using an indirect ELISA. Positive reactions to allergens were detected in the serum of 17/18 cats with EI, 8/10 with NI, 6/6 with MI, and 11/14 HCs ( = 0.364). When overall positive reactions were compared between groups, cats with MI ( = <0.01) had significantly more positive reactions against mite allergens than HCs. Blood eosinophils inversely correlated with the absolute amount of allergen-specific serum IgE expressed in ELISA absorbance units (EAs) ( = 0.014). Sensitization against dust mites seems to be more prevalent in cats with MI. However, positive IgE reactions can be observed in healthy and diseased cats, and, therefore, need to be interpreted in the light of clinical findings and environmental conditions of individual patients.
猫炎性支气管病的病因尚不清楚。本研究比较了患有猫哮喘、慢性支气管炎、混合性炎症的猫与临床健康猫（HCs）之间过敏原特异性血清IgE反应的程度。这项回顾性病例对照研究使用了18只患有嗜酸性粒细胞炎症（EI）、10只患有中性粒细胞炎症（NI）、6只患有混合性炎症（MI）的猫以及14只HCs的血清。根据支气管肺泡灌洗细胞学将患病猫分为不同组。使用间接ELISA法检测了包括真菌、杂草、草、树、螨虫和昆虫在内的34种不同过敏原的IgE。在17/18只患有EI的猫、8/10只患有NI的猫、6/6只患有MI的猫以及11/14只HCs的血清中检测到了对过敏原的阳性反应（P = 0.364）。当比较各组之间的总体阳性反应时，患有MI的猫（P = <0.01）对螨虫过敏原的阳性反应明显多于HCs。血液嗜酸性粒细胞与ELISA吸光度单位（EAs）中表达的过敏原特异性血清IgE的绝对量呈负相关（P = 0.014）。患有MI的猫对尘螨的致敏似乎更为普遍。然而，在健康猫和患病猫中均可观察到阳性IgE反应，因此需要根据个体患者的临床发现和环境状况进行解读。
