Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 12;24(20):15126. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015126.
Food colorants are commonly used as excipients in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields, but they have a wide range of other potential applications, for instance, as cytotoxic drugs or mediators of physical antimicrobial treatments. The photodynamic antibacterial activity of several edible food colorants is reported here, including E127, E129, E124, E122, E133, and E150a, alongside Rhein, a natural lipophilic antibacterial and anticancer compound found in medicinal plants. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for and showed that E127 and Rhein were effective against both bacteria, while other colorants exhibited low activity against . In some cases, dark pre-incubation of the colorants with Gram-positive increased their photodynamic activity. Adding Rhein to E127 increased the photodynamic activity of the latter in a supportive mode. Optional sensing mechanism pathways of combined E127/Rhein action were suggested. The antibacterial activity of the studied colorants can be ranged as follows: E127/Rhein >> E127 >> E150a > E122 > E124 >> E129 ≈ E133. E127 was also found to exhibit photodynamic properties. Short ultrasonic treatment before illumination caused intensification of E127 photodynamic activity against when applied alone and especially in combination with Rhein. Food colorants exhibiting photo- and sonodynamic properties may have good potential in food preservation.
食品着色剂通常被用作药物和营养保健品领域的赋形剂，但它们还有广泛的其他潜在应用，例如作为细胞毒性药物或物理抗菌处理的介质。本文报道了几种可食用食品着色剂的光动力抗菌活性，包括 E127、E129、E124、E122、E133 和 E150a，以及天然亲脂性抗菌和抗癌化合物 Rhein，它存在于药用植物中。和 的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）值表明，E127 和 Rhein 对两种细菌均有效，而其他着色剂对 仅表现出低活性。在某些情况下，将着色剂与革兰氏阳性 进行暗预孵育会增加它们的光动力活性。将 Rhein 添加到 E127 中以支持模式增加了后者的光动力活性。还提出了组合 E127/Rhein 作用的可选传感机制途径。研究的着色剂的抗菌活性可以排列如下：E127/Rhein >> E127 >> E150a > E122 > E124 >> E129 ≈ E133。还发现 E127 具有光动力特性。单独使用和尤其是与 Rhein 联合使用时，光照前进行短时间超声处理会增强 E127 对 的光动力活性。具有光动力和超声动力特性的食品着色剂在食品保鲜方面可能具有很好的应用潜力。
