Bruno Giuseppe, Buccoliero Giovanni Battista
Infectious Diseases Unit, San Giuseppe Moscati Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2023 Sep 26;13(10):1969. doi: 10.3390/life13101969.
As of 29 August 2023, a total of 89,596 confirmed cases of Mpox (monkeypox) have been documented across 114 countries worldwide, with 157 reported fatalities. The Mpox outbreak that transpired in 2022 predominantly affected young men who have sex with men (MSM). While most cases exhibited a mild clinical course, individuals with compromised immune systems, particularly those living with HIV infection and possessing a CD4 count below 200 cells/mm, experienced a more severe clinical trajectory marked by heightened morbidity and mortality. The approach to managing Mpox is primarily symptomatic and supportive. However, in instances characterized by severe or complicated manifestations, the utilization of antiviral medications becomes necessary. Despite tecovirimat's lack of official approval by the FDA for treating Mpox in humans, a wealth of positive clinical experiences exists, pending the outcomes of ongoing clinical trials. Brincidofovir and cidofovir have also been administered in select cases due to the unavailability of tecovirimat. Within the scope of this narrative review, our objective was to delve into the clinical attributes of Mpox and explore observational studies that shed light on the utilization of these antiviral agents.
截至2023年8月29日，全球114个国家共记录了89596例猴痘确诊病例，报告死亡157例。2022年发生的猴痘疫情主要影响男男性行为者（MSM）。虽然大多数病例临床病程较轻，但免疫系统受损的个体，尤其是感染艾滋病毒且CD4细胞计数低于200个/立方毫米的患者，临床病程更为严重，发病率和死亡率更高。猴痘的治疗方法主要是对症和支持治疗。然而，在出现严重或复杂表现的情况下，有必要使用抗病毒药物。尽管替考韦玛未获美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）正式批准用于治疗人类猴痘，但已有大量积极的临床经验，有待正在进行的临床试验结果。由于无法获得替考韦玛，在某些病例中也使用了布林西多福韦和西多福韦。在本叙述性综述范围内，我们的目的是深入研究猴痘的临床特征，并探讨阐明这些抗病毒药物使用情况的观察性研究。
