Pantazidou Georgia, Papaioannou Ioannis, Skoulakis Charalampos, Petinaki Efthimia, Hajiioannou Jiannis
Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Patras, Patras, GRC.
Orthopedics, General Hospital of Patras, Patras, GRC.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 30;15(9):e46275. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46275. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a large group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by extensive inflammation of the nasal mucosa and sinuses. Vitamin D (VD), as an immunoregulatory hormone, may play an important role in the pathophysiology of CRS. The purpose of this study is to review the existing literature that correlates VD levels with CRS with or without nasal polyps. A systematic manual search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to July 2023. Articles from PubMed and the first 100 articles from Google Scholar were recorded for our research. Keywords used were the following: vitamin D, chronic rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyps. Among the 134 articles retrieved, only 18 were eligible. The other 116 studies were excluded as they related VD levels with other conditions (e.g., allergic rhinitis) and for other reasons. However, we identified two more eligible records through the manual research of the above-mentioned 132 studies, and finally, 20 records were included in the current review. The review concerned case-control studies, prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional studies. Based on our review, we concluded that CRS patients are correlated with the lowest VD levels, accompanied by increased severity of the disease, especially in those with nasal polyposis. Patients can benefit from appropriate VD supplementation, and serum VD levels should be included in the laboratory assessment of CRS. However, due to the heterogeneity of the individuals involved, more well-designed clinical trials as well as randomized clinical trials should be conducted for further validation of the above findings in the general population in the future.
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）是一大类异质性疾病，其特征为鼻黏膜和鼻窦广泛炎症。维生素D（VD）作为一种免疫调节激素，可能在CRS的病理生理学中发挥重要作用。本研究的目的是综述将VD水平与伴或不伴鼻息肉的CRS相关联的现有文献。截至2023年7月，在PubMed和谷歌学术数据库中进行了系统的人工检索。记录了PubMed中的文章以及谷歌学术的前100篇文章用于我们的研究。使用的关键词如下：维生素D、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和鼻息肉。在检索到的134篇文章中，只有18篇符合条件。其他116项研究被排除，因为它们将VD水平与其他疾病（如过敏性鼻炎）相关联或因其他原因。然而，通过对上述132项研究的人工检索，我们又确定了另外2项符合条件的记录，最终，本综述纳入了20条记录。该综述涉及病例对照研究、前瞻性、回顾性和横断面研究。基于我们的综述，我们得出结论，CRS患者与最低的VD水平相关，同时疾病严重程度增加，尤其是在鼻息肉患者中。患者可从适当补充VD中获益，血清VD水平应纳入CRS的实验室评估。然而，由于所涉及个体的异质性，未来应进行更多设计良好的临床试验以及随机临床试验，以在普通人群中进一步验证上述发现。
