Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
Department of Applied Science, Government Engineering College West Hill, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
Carbohydr Polym. 2024 Jan 1;323:121339. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121339. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
From the environmental perspective, it is essential to develop cheap, eco-friendly, and highly efficient materials for water and wastewater treatment. In this regard, hydrogels and hydrogel-based composites have been widely employed to mitigate global water pollution as this methodology is simple and free from harmful by-products. Notably, alginate and cellulose, which are natural carbohydrate polymers, have gained great attention for their availability, price competitiveness, excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and superior physicochemical performance in water treatment. This review outlined the recent progress in developing and applying alginate- and cellulose-based hydrogels to remove various pollutants such as dyes, heavy metals, oils, pharmaceutical contaminants, and pesticides from wastewater streams. This review also highlighted the effects of various physical or chemical methods, such as crosslinking, grafting, the addition of fillers, nanoparticle incorporation, and polymer blending, on the physiochemical and adsorption properties of hydrogels. In addition, this review covered the alginate- and cellulose-based hydrogels' current limitations such as low mechanical performance and poor stability, while presenting strategies to improve the drawbacks of the hydrogels. Lastly, we discussed the prospects and future directions of alginate- and cellulose-based hydrogels. We hope this review provides valuable insights into the efficient preparations and applications of hydrogels.
从环境角度来看，开发廉价、环保且高效的水和废水处理材料至关重要。在这方面，水凝胶和基于水凝胶的复合材料已被广泛用于减轻全球水污染，因为这种方法简单且没有有害副产品。值得注意的是，作为天然碳水化合物聚合物的海藻酸盐和纤维素因其可用性、价格竞争力、出色的可生物降解性、生物相容性、亲水性以及在水处理方面的卓越物理化学性能而备受关注。本综述概述了开发和应用基于海藻酸盐和纤维素的水凝胶的最新进展，这些水凝胶可用于去除废水中的各种污染物，如染料、重金属、油类、药物污染物和农药。本综述还强调了各种物理或化学方法（如交联、接枝、添加填料、纳米粒子掺入和聚合物共混）对水凝胶物理化学和吸附性能的影响。此外，本综述还介绍了基于海藻酸盐和纤维素的水凝胶目前存在的机械性能低和稳定性差等局限性，并提出了改善水凝胶缺点的策略。最后，我们讨论了基于海藻酸盐和纤维素的水凝胶的前景和未来方向。我们希望本综述为水凝胶的高效制备和应用提供有价值的见解。
