聘请死亡陪伴者的经历：对 bereaved 家庭成员的定性访谈 。（注：“bereaved”常见释义为“丧失亲人的、新近丧亲的” ）
Experiences of engaging a death doula: qualitative interviews with bereaved family members.
作者信息
Rawlings Deb, Van Dinther Kristine, Miller-Lewis Lauren, Tieman Jenifer, Swetenham Kate
机构信息
Research Centre for Palliative Care, Death and Dying, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
出版信息
Palliat Care Soc Pract. 2023 Nov 8;17:26323524231207112. doi: 10.1177/26323524231207112. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
There has been an emerging trend of adopting a death doula, a non-medical advocate and guide for people at the end of life and their families. While there has been growing empirical research regarding the work of death doulas, no studies have been undertaken with the families who have engaged them.
OBJECTIVES
To understand the experiences of families who used a death doula in terms of what they did for the patient and family; to understand the benefits and drawbacks of using a death doula; and to use family insight to determine cultural shifts towards death and dying, and what the death doula phenomenon tells us around our attitudes towards death and dying.
METHODS
We recruited and interviewed 10 bereaved family members to learn about their experiences using a death doula. This qualitative research took an interpretive phenomenological approach, and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
RESULTS
The most valuable attribute the families gained from death doulas was an increase in death literacy resulting in personal empowerment. Empowerment enabled positive end-of-life experiences for the family and personalised deaths for the patient. A novel finding was that the connections and knowledge shared between the death doula and family had a resonant effect, resulting in families being more comfortable with death and keen to share their knowledge with others. Therefore, family engagement of a death doula led to an increase in community awareness around death and dying.
CONCLUSION
Family members' experience with a death doula was overwhelmingly positive, empowering them practically and emotionally to deliver the best end-of-life care. Empathy and sharing of knowledge by death doulas were valued by families and resulted in an increase in death literacy which provided families with opportunities to 'pay it forward'. Furthermore, the relationships formed between doulas and families have the potential for a lasting, resonant effect.
背景
聘请死亡关怀师已成为一种新趋势，死亡关怀师是为临终者及其家人提供非医疗支持与引导的人员。尽管关于死亡关怀师工作的实证研究不断增加，但尚未有针对聘请过死亡关怀师的家庭开展的研究。
目的
了解聘请死亡关怀师的家庭的经历，包括死亡关怀师为患者及家庭所做的事情；了解聘请死亡关怀师的利弊；利用家庭的见解来确定围绕死亡和临终的文化转变，以及死亡关怀师现象能让我们了解到我们对死亡和临终的态度。
方法
我们招募并采访了10位失去亲人的家庭成员，以了解他们聘请死亡关怀师的经历。这项定性研究采用解释现象学方法，并运用主题分析法对数据进行分析。
结果
家庭从死亡关怀师那里获得的最有价值的特质是死亡素养的提高，从而实现了个人赋权。赋权为家庭带来了积极的临终体验，为患者带来了个性化的死亡。一个新发现是，死亡关怀师与家庭之间分享的联系和知识产生了共鸣效应，使家庭对死亡更加坦然，并渴望与他人分享他们的知识。因此，家庭聘请死亡关怀师提高了社区对死亡和临终的认识。
结论
家庭成员与死亡关怀师的经历总体上是积极的，在实际和情感上使他们有能力提供最佳的临终护理。死亡关怀师的同理心和知识分享受到家庭重视，提高了死亡素养，为家庭提供了“传递爱心”的机会。此外，关怀师与家庭之间建立的关系可能会产生持久的共鸣效应。
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