Chen Yanqiong, Lin Yingfeng, Zhang Shubiao, Lin Zhongyuan, Chen Songbiao, Wang Zonghua
Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Fujian University Engineering Research Center of Marine Biology and Drugs, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Nov 1;12(21):3747. doi: 10.3390/plants12213747.
The high-affinity K transporter (HAK) family, the most prominent potassium transporter family in plants, which involves K transport, plays crucial roles in plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, the gene family remains to be characterized in quinoa ( Willd.). We explored HAKs in quinoa, identifying 30 members (-) in four clusters phylogenetically. Uneven distribution was observed across 18 chromosomes. Furthermore, we investigated the proteins' evolutionary relationships, physicochemical properties, conserved domains and motifs, gene structure, and -regulatory elements of the CqHAKs family members. Transcription data analysis showed that have diverse expression patterns among different tissues and in response to abiotic stresses, including drought, heat, low phosphorus, and salt. The expressional changes of in roots were more sensitive in response to abiotic stress than that in shoot apices. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that under high saline condition, , , , and were dramatically induced in leaves; under alkaline condition, , , , and were dramatically induced in leaves, and , , , , and were significantly induced in roots. Our results establish a foundation for further investigation of the functions of in quinoa. It is the first study to identify the HAK gene family in quinoa, which provides potential targets for further functional study and contributes to improving the salt and alkali tolerance in quinoa.
高亲和性钾转运体（HAK）家族是植物中最主要的钾转运体家族，涉及钾的转运，在植物对非生物胁迫的响应中发挥关键作用。然而，藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa Willd.）中的该基因家族仍有待鉴定。我们对藜麦中的HAK进行了探索，从系统发育上鉴定出4个簇中的30个成员（CqHAKs）。在18条染色体上观察到分布不均。此外，我们研究了CqHAKs家族成员的蛋白质进化关系、理化性质、保守结构域和基序、基因结构以及顺式作用元件。转录数据分析表明，CqHAKs在不同组织间以及对干旱、高温、低磷和盐等非生物胁迫的响应中具有多样的表达模式。根部CqHAKs的表达变化对非生物胁迫的响应比茎尖更敏感。定量RT-PCR分析显示，在高盐条件下，CqHAK1、CqHAK2、CqHAK5和CqHAK10在叶片中显著上调；在碱性条件下，CqHAK1、CqHAK2、CqHAK5和CqHAK10在叶片中显著上调，而CqHAK4、CqHAK7、CqHAK8、CqHAK9和CqHAK11在根部显著上调。我们的研究结果为进一步研究藜麦中CqHAKs的功能奠定了基础。这是首次在藜麦中鉴定HAK基因家族，为进一步的功能研究提供了潜在靶点，并有助于提高藜麦的耐盐碱能力。
