Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.
Department of Pediatrics, Sakai City Medical Center.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2023;28:71. doi: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00103.
No study has examined the association between constipation and atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants and toddlers. We aimed to explore that association in toddlers using the data from a nationwide birth cohort study.
From the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide prospective birth cohort study that began in 2011, children born in a singleton live birth were analyzed. Participants completed questionnaires containing questions related to bowel movements and AD, during 1.5 to 3 years after birth. Constipation at 1 year of age was defined as having ≤2 bowel movements per week. AD was defined based on participant's responses to the modified ISAAC questionnaire and/or self-reported physician's diagnosis. Outcome was defined as the cumulative number of AD cases that occurred until 3 years of age. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for development of AD were calculated by a multivariable logistic regression.
From a total of 62,777 participants who met the study inclusion criteria, 14,188 children (22.6%) were affected by AD between the ages of 1.5 and 3 years. The adjusted OR of developing AD for the presence versus absence of constipation at 1 year of age was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.01-1.38).
Constipation at 1 year of age was associated with a slightly higher risk of AD until 3 years of age.
目前尚无研究探讨婴幼儿便秘与特应性皮炎（AD）之间的关系。本研究旨在利用全国性出生队列研究的数据，探究幼儿便秘与 AD 之间的关系。
本研究对 2011 年开展的日本环境与儿童研究中的单胎活产婴儿进行分析。研究对象在出生后 1.5 至 3 岁期间，完成了包含排便和 AD 相关问题的调查问卷。1 岁时便秘定义为每周排便次数≤2 次。AD 基于改良 ISAAC 问卷和/或报告的医生诊断来定义。结局为 3 岁前 AD 发病的累积例数。采用多变量 logistic 回归计算 AD 发病的调整优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在符合纳入标准的 62777 名研究对象中，14188 名（22.6%）在 1.5 至 3 岁时患有 AD。1 岁时存在便秘者与不存在便秘者相比，AD 的调整 OR 为 1.18（95%CI，1.01-1.38）。
1 岁时便秘与 3 岁前 AD 发病风险略有增加相关。
