Mathew Supriya, Kumar Sandeep, Jain Chandni
AIISH, Mysuru, India.
Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, 570006 India.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023 Dec;75(4):3718-3724. doi: 10.1007/s12070-023-04084-7. Epub 2023 Jul 18.
Various factors influence speech perception in noise (SPIN): age, hearing loss, cognition, background noise, stimulus redundancy, type of stimulus used, and signal-to-noise ratio. The effect of age on SPIN with different stimuli is yet to be validated in the literature. This study aims to study the effect of age on SPIN results across different stimuli. The study is a cross-sectional study with ninety participants with normal hearing ability. All participants in the study were equally divided into three groups: the children's group aged 8 to 12 years, the adult group aged 18 to 30, and the older adult group aged 55 to 72 years. Speech perception in the background of Kannada speech babble was assessed across three stimuli: monosyllables (CV), phonemically balanced Kannada words, and Kannada sentences. The stimulus was presented at 60 dBSPL binaurally through a calibrated headphone at 0 dB SNR. The result indicated a significant main effect of age on SPIN across syllables, words, and sentences. Further, Mann-Whitney test results revealed a statistically significant difference between the SPIN scores of children and adults for syllables, words, and sentences. Also, a statistical difference was noted in SPIN scores between adults and older adults for syllables, words, and sentences. However, statistical differences between children and older adults were seen only for syllables. The trend showed that the SPIN scores for syllables, words, and sentences improve from childhood to adulthood, while scores deteriorate from the adult to older adult group. A similar trend was seen for all three stimulus types. However, the reduction in the SPIN score using syllables in the older adult group was more noticeable than words and sentences. It can be concluded that there is an effect of age on SPIN abilities across different stimuli. It highlights the importance of age-appropriate SPIN normative for various stimuli.
多种因素会影响噪声环境下的言语感知（SPIN）：年龄、听力损失、认知能力、背景噪声、刺激冗余度、所使用刺激的类型以及信噪比。年龄对不同刺激下SPIN的影响在文献中尚未得到验证。本研究旨在探讨年龄对不同刺激下SPIN结果的影响。该研究是一项横断面研究，共有90名听力正常的参与者。研究中的所有参与者被平均分为三组：8至12岁的儿童组、18至30岁的成人组以及55至72岁的老年人组。在卡纳达语语音嘈杂背景下的言语感知通过三种刺激进行评估：单音节（CV）、音素平衡的卡纳达语单词以及卡纳达语句子。刺激通过校准耳机以60 dBSPL双耳呈现，信噪比为0 dB。结果表明，年龄对音节、单词和句子的SPIN有显著的主效应。此外，曼-惠特尼检验结果显示，儿童和成人在音节、单词和句子的SPIN得分上存在统计学显著差异。同样，成人和老年人在音节、单词和句子的SPIN得分上也存在统计学差异。然而，儿童和老年人之间的统计学差异仅在音节上可见。趋势表明，音节、单词和句子的SPIN得分从儿童期到成年期有所提高，而从成年组到老年组得分则下降。所有三种刺激类型均呈现出类似趋势。然而，老年人组中使用音节时SPIN得分的下降比单词和句子更为明显。可以得出结论，年龄对不同刺激下的SPIN能力有影响。这凸显了针对各种刺激制定适合年龄的SPIN规范的重要性。
