Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland.
Environ Res. 2024 Feb 1;242:117637. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117637. Epub 2023 Nov 20.
Exposure to air pollution is associated with adverse cardiometabolic health effects and increased mortality, even at low concentrations. Some of the biological mechanisms through which air pollution can affect cardiometabolic health overlap with health outcomes associated with diet quality and changes in diet.
The objective of this study is to investigate associations of air pollutants at average concentrations below the World Health Organization, 2021 air quality guidelines with cardiometabolic outcomes. Furthermore, potential interaction between air pollutants and diet quality will be assessed.
82 individuals with obesity participated in a combined weight loss and weight loss maintenance study for a total of 33 weeks. A secondary analysis was conducted incorporating air pollution measurements. Data were analysed with linear mixed-effects models.
A total of 17 significant associations were observed for single pollutants with 10 cardiometabolic outcomes, predominantly related to blood lipids, hormones, and glucose regulation. Diet quality, as measured by the Baltic Sea Diet score, did not appear to mediate the association of air pollution with cardiometabolic outcomes, however, diet quality was observed to significantly modify the association of PM with total cholesterol, and the associations of NO and O with ghrelin.
These findings suggest that exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially particulate matter, at levels below World Health Organization, 2021 air quality guidelines, were associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. Diet may be a personal-level approach for individuals to modify the impact of exposure to air pollution on cardiometabolic health.
即使在低浓度下，暴露于空气污染也与不良的心血代谢健康影响和死亡率增加有关。空气污染影响心血代谢健康的一些生物学机制与与饮食质量和饮食变化相关的健康结果重叠。
本研究旨在调查世界卫生组织 2021 年空气质量指南规定的平均浓度以下的空气污染物与心血代谢结果之间的关联。此外，还将评估空气污染物和饮食质量之间的潜在相互作用。
82 名肥胖者参加了一项联合减肥和减肥维持研究，共 33 周。进行了一项二次分析，纳入了空气污染测量。使用线性混合效应模型对数据进行分析。
共观察到 17 种单一污染物与 10 种心血代谢结果之间存在 17 个显著关联，主要与血脂、激素和葡萄糖调节有关。饮食质量，如波罗的海饮食评分所衡量的，似乎并没有介导空气污染与心血代谢结果之间的关联，但饮食质量被观察到显著改变了 PM 与总胆固醇的关联，以及 NO 和 O 与胃饥饿素的关联。
这些发现表明，暴露于环境空气中污染物，特别是颗粒物，即使在世界卫生组织 2021 年空气质量指南规定的水平以下，也与心血代谢风险因素的变化有关。饮食可能是个人层面上的一种方法，可以减轻暴露于空气污染对心血代谢健康的影响。
