Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Neurol Sci. 2024 May;45(5):2003-2010. doi: 10.1007/s10072-023-07204-x. Epub 2023 Nov 23.
There has been emerging attention to investigate the possible role of some dietary factors in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, evidence about the relationship between dietary components and the risk of PD is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the association between major dietary patterns and the risk of PD.
This case-control study was performed on 105 patients with newly diagnosed PD and 215 healthy controls. Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was made based on the UK Brain Bank criteria. Usual dietary intakes were collected by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were detected by principal component analysis.
Four dietary patterns, including traditional, healthy, western, and light dietary patterns, were identified. After considering all potential confounders, individuals with the highest tertile of traditional dietary pattern scores had a lower risk of PD than those with the lowest tertile (OR: 0.002; 95% CI: 0.000-0.016). A similar inverse association between the healthy pattern (OR: 0.314; 95% CI: 0.131-0.750) and light pattern (OR: 0.282; 95% CI: 0.121-0.654) and risk of PD was revealed. In contrast, adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with PD incidence (OR: 7.26; 95% CI: 2.76-19.09).
The findings of this study suggest that adherence to western dietary pattern could increase the risk of PD by approximately seven times. However, the traditional, healthy, and light dietary patterns had an inverse relationship with PD risk.
人们越来越关注一些饮食因素在帕金森病（PD）发病机制中的可能作用；然而，关于饮食成分与 PD 风险之间关系的证据有限。本研究旨在确定主要饮食模式与 PD 风险之间的关系。
这项病例对照研究纳入了 105 名新诊断为 PD 的患者和 215 名健康对照者。PD 的诊断基于英国脑库标准。通过经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷收集了习惯性饮食摄入量。通过主成分分析检测饮食模式。
确定了四种饮食模式，包括传统、健康、西方和清淡饮食模式。在考虑所有潜在混杂因素后，传统饮食模式评分最高的 tertile 组患 PD 的风险低于最低 tertile 组（OR：0.002；95%CI：0.000-0.016）。健康模式（OR：0.314；95%CI：0.131-0.750）和清淡模式（OR：0.282；95%CI：0.121-0.654）与 PD 风险之间也存在类似的反比关联。相比之下，遵循西方饮食模式与 PD 发生率相关（OR：7.26；95%CI：2.76-19.09）。
本研究结果表明，遵循西方饮食模式可能使 PD 风险增加约 7 倍。然而，传统、健康和清淡的饮食模式与 PD 风险呈负相关。
