School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;14:21501319231212287. doi: 10.1177/21501319231212287.
Influenza and COVID-19 vaccination rates remain suboptimal, demanding new community-centric approaches that improve targeted counseling and increase vaccine uptake. Notably, racially diverse communities show high vaccine hesitancy, yet most existing vaccine studies focus on white, college-educated cohorts.
Here, we identify factors influencing vaccination decisions of patients at Turtle Creek Primary Care clinic in Turtle Creek, PA, a racially-diverse borough.
A retrospective mixed-methods study of the predominantly non-white patient population at Turtle Creek Primary Care clinic, a clinic caring for >70% minority patients.
Fourteen factors emerged that patients reported were crucial to vaccine decision-making. Of these factors, top reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were trust in vaccines, vaccine side effects, perceived vaccine knowledge, and faith/religion. Top reasons for influenza vaccine hesitancy were perceived need, vaccine side effects, trust in vaccines, and habitual behaviors. We also uncovered correlations between vaccine decision factors and sociodemographic factors. Participants > 65-years-old were more likely to cite personal safety in choosing to get the COVID-19 vaccine, while non-white participants were more likely to cite others' safety. Participants > 65-years-old were also more likely to cite personal safety in influenza vaccine decision-making, and non-female participants were more likely to cite perceived need for influenza vaccines.
These data uncover targetable factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy and aid in developing community-centered, personalized vaccine education approaches in Turtle Creek and analogous minority communities.
流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种率仍然不理想，需要新的以社区为中心的方法来改善针对性咨询并提高疫苗接种率。值得注意的是，不同种族的社区表现出高度的疫苗犹豫，但大多数现有的疫苗研究都集中在白人、受过大学教育的人群上。
本研究旨在确定影响宾夕法尼亚州 Turtle Creek 初级保健诊所患者疫苗接种决策的因素，该诊所患者以不同种族为主。
对 Turtle Creek 初级保健诊所（一个为 70%以上少数族裔患者服务的诊所）的以非白人为主要患者群体的回顾性混合方法研究。
患者报告了 14 个对疫苗决策至关重要的因素。在这些因素中，COVID-19 疫苗犹豫的主要原因是对疫苗的信任、疫苗副作用、对疫苗知识的认知和信仰/宗教。流感疫苗犹豫的主要原因是感知到的需求、疫苗副作用、对疫苗的信任和习惯性行为。我们还发现了疫苗决策因素与社会人口因素之间的相关性。选择接种 COVID-19 疫苗的 65 岁以上参与者更可能提到个人安全，而非白人参与者更可能提到他人的安全。选择接种流感疫苗的 65 岁以上参与者也更可能提到个人安全，而非女性参与者更可能提到对流感疫苗的需求。
这些数据揭示了导致疫苗犹豫的可靶向因素，并有助于在 Turtle Creek 和类似少数族裔社区中开发以社区为中心、个性化的疫苗教育方法。
