Lei X L, Chiou G C
Am J Chin Med. 1986;14(3-4):145-52. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X86000235.
The cardiovascular pharmacology of two Chinese herbs, Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) and Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen (PNG) were studied both in vivo and in vitro. Extracts of both herbs suppressed systemic blood pressure in albino rats and rabbits, an effect which was blocked or reversed by atropine, propranolol, and chlorpheniramine plus cimetidine. This reversed hypertension was blocked by phenoxybenzamine. These results indicate that these herbs have multiple effector sites in the cardiovascular system. This could be due to an increased utilization of extracellular calcium ions since the activity of SM on isolated blood vessels of rabbits was enhanced by 2 mM Ca++. The effects of aqueous extract of SM and purified active principles of SM (tanshinones) on rat and rabbit blood vessels in vitro were very similar both qualitatively and quantitatively. Both caused vasodilation of coronary arteries at all concentrations tested but induced vasodilation of renal, mesenteric and femoral arteries only at low concentrations. At higher concentrations, vasoconstriction was induced in these vessels. These results indicate that an economical decoction of SM is as efficacious as the more expensive isolated tanshinones. Both SM and PNG would be useful as antianginal agents since they dilate coronary vessels. Their use in hypertension is questionable since they induce both vasodilation and vasoconstriction depending on dose and target vessel.
对两种中草药丹参（SM）和三七（PNG）的心血管药理学进行了体内和体外研究。两种草药的提取物均能降低白化大鼠和家兔的全身血压，阿托品、普萘洛尔以及氯苯那敏加西咪替丁可阻断或逆转这种作用。苯氧苄胺可阻断这种逆转性高血压。这些结果表明，这些草药在心血管系统中有多个作用位点。这可能是由于细胞外钙离子利用率增加所致，因为在2 mM钙离子存在下，丹参对家兔离体血管的活性增强。丹参水提取物和丹参纯化活性成分（丹参酮）对大鼠和家兔血管的体外作用在定性和定量方面都非常相似。在所有测试浓度下，两者均能引起冠状动脉血管舒张，但仅在低浓度时能诱导肾动脉、肠系膜动脉和股动脉血管舒张。在较高浓度时，这些血管会出现血管收缩。这些结果表明，丹参的经济煎剂与更昂贵的分离丹参酮一样有效。丹参和三七都可用作抗心绞痛药物，因为它们能扩张冠状血管。它们在高血压治疗中的应用存在疑问，因为它们根据剂量和靶血管会引起血管舒张和血管收缩。
