Aaronson Julia K, Kulmatiski Andrew, Forero Leslie E, Grenzer Josephine, Norton Jeanette M
Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Plants, Soils and Climate Department and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Oct 27;12(11):1374. doi: 10.3390/biology12111374.
We used high-throughput sequencing and multivariate analyses to describe soil microbial community composition in two four-year field plant-soil feedback (PSF) experiments in Minnesota, USA and Jena, Germany. In descending order of variation explained, microbial community composition differed between the two study sites, among years, between bulk and rhizosphere soils, and among rhizosphere soils cultivated by different plant species. To try to identify soil organisms or communities that may cause PSF, we correlated plant growth responses with the microbial community composition associated with different plants. We found that plant biomass was correlated with values on two multivariate axes. These multivariate axes weighted dozens of soil organisms, suggesting that PSF was not caused by individual pathogens or symbionts but instead was caused by 'many weak' plant-microbe interactions. Taken together, the results suggest that PSFs result from complex interactions that occur within the context of a much larger soil microbial community whose composition is determined by factors associated with 'site' or year, such as soil pH, soil type, and weather. The results suggest that PSFs may be highly variable and difficult to reproduce because they result from complex interactions that occur in the context of a larger soil microbial community.
我们运用高通量测序和多变量分析，在美国明尼苏达州和德国耶拿开展的两项为期四年的田间植物-土壤反馈（PSF）实验中，描述土壤微生物群落组成。按变异解释量降序排列，微生物群落组成在两个研究地点之间、年份之间、土体和根际土壤之间以及不同植物物种种植的根际土壤之间存在差异。为了尝试识别可能导致植物-土壤反馈的土壤生物或群落，我们将植物生长反应与不同植物相关的微生物群落组成进行了关联分析。我们发现植物生物量与两个多变量轴上的值相关。这些多变量轴对几十种土壤生物进行了加权，这表明植物-土壤反馈不是由单个病原体或共生体引起的，而是由“众多微弱的”植物-微生物相互作用导致的。综合来看，结果表明植物-土壤反馈是由在更大的土壤微生物群落背景下发生的复杂相互作用导致的，该群落的组成由与“地点”或年份相关的因素决定，如土壤pH值、土壤类型和天气。结果表明，植物-土壤反馈可能高度可变且难以重现，因为它们是由在更大的土壤微生物群落背景下发生的复杂相互作用导致的。
