中国大学生体育活动与生活满意度之间的关系：自我效能感和心理韧性的中介作用
The Relationship between Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction among University Students in China: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy and Resilience.
作者信息
Deng Jiaxin, Liu Yongfeng, Chen Rui, Wang Yu
机构信息
School of Sports Training, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China.
West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
出版信息
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Oct 27;13(11):889. doi: 10.3390/bs13110889.
(1) Background: Universities play a crucial role in nurturing healthy habits, and physical activity has emerged as a valuable tool for enhancing the life satisfaction, self-efficacy, and resilience of college students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of physical activity in the relationship between life satisfaction and self-efficacy as well as resilience among Chinese university students. (2) Method: This study used the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Self-Efficacy Scale (CGES), the Mental Toughness Scale (CD-RISC), and the Life Satisfaction Scale (CSLSS) to administer questionnaires to 353 university students from two universities in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Using a random simple sampling method, the data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Excel software. (3) Results: (1) Physical activity exhibited a significant positive correlation with self-efficacy, resilience, and life satisfaction; self-efficacy was significantly and positively related to resilience and life satisfaction; and resilience was significantly and positively related to life satisfaction. (2) Physical activity had a positive predictive effect on life satisfaction (β = 0.2771; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1905, 0.3637, 55.51%). (3) Self-efficacy (β = 0.0368; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0087, 0.0692, 7.37%) and resilience (β = 0.137; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0919, 0.1894, 27.44%) mediated the relationship between physical activity and life satisfaction. Also, the chain-mediating effect of self-efficacy and resilience between physical activity and life satisfaction reached significant levels (β = 0.0483; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0279, 0.0745, 9.68%). (4) Conclusion: Active participation in physical activity not only enhanced the life satisfaction of college students but also indirectly impacted their life satisfaction by improving their self-efficacy and resilience. Consequently, this led to an overall improvement in the life satisfaction of college students.
（1）背景：大学在培养健康习惯方面发挥着关键作用，体育活动已成为提高大学生生活满意度、自我效能感和心理韧性的重要工具。因此，本研究旨在探讨体育活动在中国大学生生活满意度与自我效能感以及心理韧性之间关系中的中介作用。（2）方法：本研究采用体育活动量表（PARS - 3）、自我效能量表（CGES）、心理韧性量表（CD - RISC）和生活满意度量表（CSLSS），对四川省成都市两所大学的353名大学生进行问卷调查。采用随机简单抽样方法，使用SPSS 22.0和Excel软件对数据进行处理和分析。（3）结果：（1）体育活动与自我效能感、心理韧性和生活满意度呈显著正相关；自我效能感与心理韧性和生活满意度呈显著正相关；心理韧性与生活满意度呈显著正相关。（2）体育活动对生活满意度有正向预测作用（β = 0.2771；95%置信区间（CI）：0.1905，0.3637，55.51%）。（3）自我效能感（β = 0.0368；95%置信区间（CI）：0.0087，0.0692，7.37%）和心理韧性（β = 0.137；95%置信区间（CI）：0.0919，0.1894，27.44%）中介了体育活动与生活满意度之间的关系。此外，自我效能感和心理韧性在体育活动与生活满意度之间的链式中介效应达到显著水平（β = 0.0483；95%置信区间（CI）：0.0279，0.0745，9.68%）。（4）结论：积极参与体育活动不仅提高了大学生的生活满意度，还通过提高他们的自我效能感和心理韧性间接影响了他们的生活满意度。因此，这导致了大学生生活满意度的整体提高。
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