南佛罗里达州艾滋病毒感染者中猴痘病毒抗原免疫血清学调查

Serosurvey of Immunity to Monkeypox (Mpox) Virus Antigens in People Living with HIV in South Florida.

作者信息

Kupritz Jonah, Pahwa Savita, Pallikkuth Suresh

机构信息

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

出版信息

Pathogens. 2023 Nov 15;12(11):1355. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12111355.

DOI:10.3390/pathogens12111355

PMID:38003819

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10675141/

Abstract

Mpox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) belonging to the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus, which includes smallpox and vaccinia virus (VACV). A global mpox outbreak which began in May 2022 has infected more than 88,000 people. VACV-based vaccines provide protection against mpox disease but complicate the use of serological assays for disease surveillance. We tested the reactivity of serum IgG from Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN)-vaccinated ( = 12) and convalescent mpox-infected ( = 5) individuals and uninfected, non-vaccinated controls ( = 32) to MPXV/VACV proteins A27, A29, A30, A35, B16, B21, C19, D6, E8, H3, I1, and L1. Using a subset of MPXV antigen-based assays (A35, B16, E8, H3, and I1), we conducted a mpox antibody survey of serum from 214 individuals, including 117 (54.7%) people with HIV (PWH) collected between June 2022 and January 2023, excluding individuals who reported recent mpox vaccination or infection, and 32 young, pre-pandemic controls. The convalescent sera reacted strongly to most tested antigens. Vaccine sera responses were limited to A35, E8, H3, and I1. IgG antibody to E8 was markedly elevated in all vaccinated individuals. B16 IgG showed high sensitivity (100% [95% CI: 56.55-100.0%]) and specificity (91.67% [64.61-99.57%]) for distinguishing infection from MVA-BN vaccination, while E8 IgG showed 100% [75.75-100] sensitivity and 100% [79.61-100] specificity for detecting and distinguishing vaccinated individuals from controls. We identified 11/214 (5.1%) recent serum samples and 1/32 (3.1%) young, pre-pandemic controls that were seropositive for ≥2 MPXV antibodies, including 6.8% of PWH. Seropositivity was 10/129 (7.8%) among males compared to 1/85 (1.2%) among females. Our findings provide insight into the humoral immune response to mpox and demonstrate the usefulness of inexpensive, antigen-based serosurveillance in identifying asymptomatic or unreported infections.

摘要

猴痘是一种由猴痘病毒（MPXV）引起的传染病，猴痘病毒属于正痘病毒属（OPXV），该属还包括天花病毒和牛痘病毒（VACV）。始于2022年5月的全球猴痘疫情已感染超过88000人。基于VACV的疫苗可预防猴痘疾病，但会使用于疾病监测的血清学检测变得复杂。我们检测了接种改良安卡拉痘苗-巴伐利亚北欧株（MVA-BN）的个体（n = 12）、猴痘康复个体（n = 5）以及未感染、未接种疫苗的对照个体（n = 32）的血清IgG对MPXV/VACV蛋白A27、A29、A30、A35、B16、B21、C19、D6、E8、H3、I1和L1的反应性。使用基于MPXV抗原的部分检测方法（A35、B16、E8、H3和I1），我们对214名个体的血清进行了猴痘抗体调查，其中包括2022年6月至2023年1月期间收集的117名（54.7%）艾滋病毒感染者（PWH），不包括报告近期接种猴痘疫苗或感染的个体，以及32名疫情前的年轻对照个体。康复血清对大多数检测抗原反应强烈。疫苗血清反应仅限于A35、E8、H3和I1。所有接种疫苗的个体中，E8的IgG抗体显著升高。B16 IgG在区分感染与MVA-BN疫苗接种方面显示出高敏感性（100% [95% CI：56.55 - 100.0%]）和特异性（91.67% [6 4.61 - 99.57%]），而E8 IgG在检测和区分接种疫苗个体与对照个体方面显示出100% [75.75 - 100]的敏感性和100% [79.61 - 100]的特异性。我们在214份近期血清样本中鉴定出11份（5.1%）以及在32名疫情前的年轻对照个体中鉴定出1份（3.1%）对≥2种MPXV抗体呈血清阳性，包括6.8%的PWH。男性血清阳性率为10/129（7.8%），女性为1/85（1.2%）。我们的研究结果为猴痘的体液免疫反应提供了见解，并证明了廉价的基于抗原的血清学监测在识别无症状或未报告感染方面的有用性。