Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
Br J Nutr. 2024 Apr 14;131(7):1259-1267. doi: 10.1017/S0007114523002751. Epub 2023 Nov 28.
This study aimed to identify the longitudinal association between seaweed and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Korean population. Data from 148 404 Korean adults aged 40 years and older without a history of T2DM, cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study data. The participants' seaweed intake was obtained using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the diagnosis of T2DM was surveyed through a self-reported questionnaire during follow-up. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for T2DM were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression, and the dose-response relationship was analysed using a restricted cubic spline regression. Participants had a mean follow-up period of 5 years. Participants with the highest seaweed intake had a 7 % lower risk of T2DM compared with the group with the lowest intake (95 % CI (0·87, 0·99)). Interestingly, this association was stronger in those with normal weight (HR: 0·88, 95 % CI (0·81, 0·95)), while no association was observed in participants with obesity. Spline regression revealed an inverse linear relationship between seaweed intake and T2DM risk in participants with normal weight, showing a trend where increased seaweed intake is related to lower instances of T2DM ( = 0·48). Seaweed intake is inversely associated with the onset of T2DM in Korean adults with normal weight.
本研究旨在探讨韩国人群中海藻与 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）之间的纵向关联。研究数据来自韩国基因与流行病学研究的数据，纳入了 148404 名年龄在 40 岁及以上、基线时无 T2DM、心血管疾病或癌症病史的韩国成年人。参与者的海藻摄入量通过经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷获得，T2DM 的诊断通过随访期间的自我报告问卷进行调查。使用 Cox 比例风险回归计算 T2DM 的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI），并使用限制性立方样条回归分析剂量-反应关系。参与者的平均随访时间为 5 年。与最低摄入量组相比，最高摄入量组患 T2DM 的风险降低了 7%（95%CI（0.87，0.99））。有趣的是，这种关联在体重正常的人群中更强（HR：0.88，95%CI（0.81，0.95）），而在肥胖人群中则没有观察到这种关联。样条回归显示，体重正常的参与者中海藻摄入量与 T2DM 风险之间呈负相关线性关系，表明随着海藻摄入量的增加，T2DM 的发生次数减少（ = 0.48）。在体重正常的韩国成年人中，海藻摄入量与 T2DM 的发生呈负相关。
