Putri Ade Suzana Eka, Rahmatillah Nabila Putri, Novirsa Randy, Alfarezi Muhammad
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
J Public Health Res. 2023 Nov 18;12(4):22799036231204341. doi: 10.1177/22799036231204341. eCollection 2023 Oct.
RSUP Dr. M. Djamil was one of the COVID referral hospitals that treats patients with degrees of severity ranging from mild to critical. The high prevalence of COVID-19 differs from the severity of which it is necessary to know the risk factors as a preventive measure to minimize the higher risk. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in inpatients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted by reviewing the medical record data of COVID-19 inpatients from March 2020 to February 2021. Sampling using a simple random sampling technique with a total of 95 patients. The Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) is a statistical measure used in epidemiology and medical research to assess the association between an exposure or risk factor and a particular outcome in a cross-sectional study.
Based on research, there are 41 (43.2%) severe patients. There is a relationship between age with -value 0.004 (POR 4.5; 95% CI; 1.48-12.1), cardiovascular disease with -value 0.003 (POR 5.9; 95% CI 1.7-21.4), and respiratory disease with -value 0.001 (POR 6.6; 95% CI; 2.1-20.8) against COVID-19 infection. Diabetes Mellitus is the confounding variable. Respiratory disease is the dominant factor associated with the severity of COVID-19. Respiratory disease has 6.6 POR or Prevalence Odds Ratio values which means that COVID-19 patients with respiratory disease 6.6 more severe than those who has not respiratory disease history.
Age, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases are associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. It is highly recommended to increase health promotion regarding risk factors for the severity of COVID-19 to the community to avoid a more severe outcome.
RSUP 穆罕默德·贾米尔博士医院是新冠转诊医院之一，收治从轻症到重症的各类患者。新冠病毒病的高流行率与疾病严重程度不同，有必要了解风险因素，作为预防措施以将更高风险降至最低。本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚巴东穆罕默德·贾米尔博士医院新冠住院患者中与新冠病毒病严重程度相关的因素。
采用横断面设计进行定量研究，通过回顾 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 2 月期间新冠住院患者的病历数据。采用简单随机抽样技术进行抽样，共 95 例患者。患病率比值比（POR）是流行病学和医学研究中用于评估横断面研究中暴露或风险因素与特定结局之间关联的一种统计量度。
基于研究，有 41 例（43.2%）重症患者。年龄与新冠病毒感染的关联 p 值为 0.004（POR 4.5；95%置信区间；1.48 - 12.1），心血管疾病与新冠病毒感染的关联 p 值为 0.003（POR 5.9；95%置信区间 1.7 - 21.4），呼吸系统疾病与新冠病毒感染的关联 p 值为 0.001（POR 6.6；95%置信区间；2.1 - 20.8）。糖尿病是混杂变量。呼吸系统疾病是与新冠病毒病严重程度相关的主要因素。呼吸系统疾病的 POR 或患病率比值比为 6.6，这意味着有呼吸系统疾病的新冠患者比无呼吸系统疾病史的患者严重 6.6 倍。
年龄、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病与印度尼西亚巴东穆罕默德·贾米尔博士医院患者的新冠病毒感染严重程度相关。强烈建议向社区加强关于新冠病毒病严重程度风险因素的健康促进，以避免更严重的后果。
