Matías Javier, Rodríguez María José, Cruz Verónica, Calvo Patricia, Granado-Rodríguez Sara, Poza-Viejo Laura, Fernández-García Nieves, Olmos Enrique, Reguera María
Agrarian Research Institute "La Orden-Valdesequera" of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Badajoz, Spain.
Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Badajoz, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Nov 3;14:1268014. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268014. eCollection 2023.
Climate change is considered a serious threat to agriculture and food security. It is linked to rising temperatures and water shortages, conditions that are expected to worsen in the coming decades. Consequently, the introduction of more drought-tolerant crops is required. Quinoa ( Willd.) has received great attention worldwide due to the nutritional properties of its seeds and its tolerance to abiotic stress. In this work, the agronomic performance and seed nutritional quality of three quinoa varieties were studied during two consecutive years (2019-2020) under three water environmental conditions of Southwestern Europe (irrigated conditions, fresh rainfed, and hard rainfed) with the goal of determining the impact of rainfed conditions on this crop performance. High precipitations were recorded during the 2020 growing season resulting in similar grain yield under irrigation and fresh rainfed conditions. However, in 2019, significant yield differences with penalties under water-limiting conditions were found among the evaluated environmental conditions. Furthermore, nutritional and metabolomic differences were observed among seeds harvested from different water environments including the progressive accumulation of glycine betaine accompanied by an increase in saponin and a decrease in iron with water limitation. Generally, water-limiting environments were associated with increased protein contents and decreased yields preserving a high nutritional quality despite particular changes. Overall, this work contributes to gaining further knowledge about how water availability affects quinoa field performance, as it might impact both seed yield and quality. It also can help reevaluate rainfed agriculture, as water deficit can positively impact the nutritional quality of seeds.
气候变化被认为是对农业和粮食安全的严重威胁。它与气温上升和水资源短缺有关，预计在未来几十年这些情况会恶化。因此，需要引入更多耐旱作物。藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa Willd.）因其种子的营养特性和对非生物胁迫的耐受性而受到全球广泛关注。在这项研究中，连续两年（2019 - 2020年）在欧洲西南部的三种水环境条件（灌溉条件、轻度雨养和重度雨养）下，对三个藜麦品种的农艺性能和种子营养品质进行了研究，目的是确定雨养条件对这种作物表现的影响。2020年生长季节降雨量较高，导致灌溉条件和轻度雨养条件下的谷物产量相似。然而，在2019年，在评估的环境条件中发现了在水分限制条件下产量存在显著差异且有减产情况。此外，在不同水环境收获的种子中观察到营养和代谢组学差异，包括随着水分限制，甘氨酸甜菜碱逐渐积累，同时皂苷增加，铁含量降低。总体而言，水分限制环境与蛋白质含量增加和产量降低有关，尽管有特定变化，但仍保持较高的营养品质。总的来说，这项工作有助于进一步了解水分供应如何影响藜麦田间表现，因为它可能影响种子产量和质量。它还可以帮助重新评估雨养农业，因为水分亏缺可能对种子的营养品质产生积极影响。
