Zain Muhammad, Ma Haijiao, Ur Rahman Shafeeq, Nuruzzaman Md, Chaudhary Sadaf, Azeem Imran, Mehmood Faisal, Duan Aiwang, Sun Chengming
Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jan;206:108244. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108244. Epub 2023 Nov 30.
Nanotechnology offers many potential solutions for sustainable agroecosystem, including improvement in nutrient use efficiency, efficacy of pest management, and minimizing the adverse environmental effects of agricultural production. Herein, we first highlighted the integrated application of nanotechnology and precision agriculture for sustainable productivity. Application of nanoparticle mediated material and advanced biosensors in precision agriculture is only possible by nanochips or nanosensors. Nanosensors offers the measurement of various stresses, soil quality parameters and detection of heavy metals along with the enhanced data collection, enabling precise decision-making and resource management in agricultural systems. Nanoencapsulation of conventional chemical fertilizers (known as nanofertilizers), and pesticides (known as nanopesticides) helps in sustained and slow release of chemicals to soils and results in precise dosage to plants. Further, nano-based disease detection kits are popular tools for early and speedy detection of viral diseases. Many other innovative approaches including biosynthesized nanoparticles have been evaluated and proposed at various scales, but in fact there are some barriers for practical application of nanotechnology in soil-plant system, including safety and regulatory concerns, efficient delivery at field levels, and consumer acceptance. Finally, we outlined the policy options and actions required for sustainable agricultural productivity, and proposed various research pathways that may help to overcome the upcoming challenges regarding practical implications of nanotechnology.
纳米技术为可持续农业生态系统提供了许多潜在解决方案，包括提高养分利用效率、害虫管理效果以及将农业生产对环境的不利影响降至最低。在此，我们首先强调了纳米技术与精准农业的综合应用对可持续生产力的作用。纳米颗粒介导的材料和先进生物传感器在精准农业中的应用只有通过纳米芯片或纳米传感器才得以实现。纳米传感器能够测量各种胁迫、土壤质量参数以及检测重金属，同时增强数据收集能力，从而在农业系统中实现精准决策和资源管理。传统化肥（称为纳米肥料）和农药（称为纳米农药）的纳米封装有助于化学物质持续缓慢地释放到土壤中，并实现对植物的精准施用量。此外，基于纳米技术的疾病检测试剂盒是早期快速检测病毒疾病的常用工具。许多其他创新方法，包括生物合成纳米颗粒，已在不同规模上得到评估和提出，但实际上纳米技术在土壤 - 植物系统中的实际应用存在一些障碍，包括安全和监管问题、田间有效递送以及消费者接受度。最后，我们概述了实现可持续农业生产力所需的政策选择和行动，并提出了各种研究途径，这些途径可能有助于克服纳米技术实际应用方面即将面临的挑战。
