Chavez-Rimache Lesly, Ugarte-Gil César, Brunette Maria J
Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Perú.
School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martín de Porres, Perú.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2023 Dec 15;3(12):e0001482. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001482. eCollection 2023.
Interventions involving direct community stakeholders include a variety of approaches in which members take an active role in improving their health. We evaluated studies in which the community has actively participated to strengthen tuberculosis prevention and care programs. A literature search was performed in Pubmed, Scopus, ERIC, Global Index Medicus, Scielo, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Google Scholar, speciality journals, and other bibliographic references. The primary question for this review was: ¿what is known about tuberculosis control interventions and programs in which the community has been an active part?. Two reviewers performed the search, screening, and selection of studies independently. In cases of discrepancies over the eligibility of an article, it was resolved by consensus. 130 studies were selected, of which 68.47% (n = 89/130) were published after 2010. The studies were conducted in Africa (44.62%), the Americas (22.31%) and Southeast Asia (19.23%). It was found that 20% (n = 26/130) of the studies evaluated the participation of the community in the detection/active search of cases, 20.77% (n = 27/130) in the promotion/prevention of tuberculosis; 23.07% (n = 30/130) in identifying barriers to treatment, 46.15% (n = 60/130) in supervision during treatment and 3.08% (n = 4/130) in social support for patient. Community participation not only strengthens the capacities of health systems for the prevention and care of tuberculosis, but also allows a better understanding of the disease from the perspective of the patient and the affected community by identifying barriers and difficulties through of the tuberculosis care cascade. Engaging key community stakeholders in co-creating solutions offers a critical pathway for local governments to eradicate TB.
涉及社区直接利益相关者的干预措施包括多种方法，其中成员积极参与改善自身健康。我们评估了社区积极参与加强结核病预防和护理项目的研究。在PubMed、Scopus、ERIC、全球医学索引、Scielo、Cochrane图书馆、LILACS、谷歌学术、专业期刊和其他文献参考中进行了文献检索。本次综述的主要问题是：关于社区积极参与的结核病控制干预措施和项目，我们了解到了什么？两名评审员独立进行研究的检索、筛选和选择。在文章合格性存在差异的情况下，通过协商解决。共选择了130项研究，其中68.47%（n = 89/130）于2010年后发表。这些研究在非洲（44.62%）、美洲（22.31%）和东南亚（19.23%）开展。结果发现，20%（n = 26/130）的研究评估了社区在病例检测/主动搜索中的参与情况，20.77%（n = 27/130）评估了在结核病促进/预防方面的参与情况；23.07%（n = 30/130）评估了在识别治疗障碍方面的参与情况，46.15%（n = 60/130）评估了在治疗期间的监督情况，3.08%（n = 4/130）评估了对患者的社会支持情况。社区参与不仅增强了卫生系统预防和护理结核病的能力，还通过在结核病护理流程中识别障碍和困难，从患者和受影响社区的角度更好地了解这种疾病。让关键社区利益相关者共同创造解决方案为地方政府根除结核病提供了一条关键途径。
