Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Dec 15;23(1):462. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04308-x.
Carissa bispinosa (L.) Desf. ex Brenan is one of the plants used traditionally to treat oral infections. However, there is limited data validating its therapeutic properties and photochemistry. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective efficacy of the leaf and stem extracts of C. bispinosa against oral infections.
The phenolic and tannin contents were measured using Folin-Ciocalteau method after extracting with different solvents. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts were assessed using the microdilution method against fungal (Candida albicans and Candida glabrata) and bacterial (Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) strains. The 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing power (FRP) models were utilised to assess the antioxidant potential of the extracts. Cytotoxicity of the leaf acetone extract was evaluated using the methylthiazol tetrazolium assay.
The methanol leaf extract had the highest phenolic content (113.20 mg TAE/g), whereas hexane extract displayed the highest tannin composition of 22.98 mg GAE/g. The acetone stem extract had the highest phenolic content (338 mg TAE/g) and the stem extract yielded the highest total tannin content (49.87 mg GAE/g). The methanol leaf extract demonstrated the lowest MIC value (0.31 mg/mL), whereas the stem ethanol extract had the least MIC value of 0.31 mg/mL. The stem methanol extract had the best DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC 72 µg/mL) whereas the stem ethanol extract displayed maximum FRP with absorbance of 1.916. The leaf acetone extract had minimum cytotoxicity with the lethal concentration (LC) of 0.63 mg/mL.
The results obtained in this study validated the protective effect of C. bispinosa against oral infections.
Carissa bispinosa（L.）Desf. ex Brenan 是一种传统上用于治疗口腔感染的植物。然而，关于其治疗特性和光化学的验证数据有限。本研究旨在调查该植物的叶和茎提取物对口腔感染的保护作用。
使用 Folin-Ciocalteau 法在不同溶剂中提取后，测定叶和茎提取物的酚类和单宁含量。采用微量稀释法测定提取物对真菌（白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌）和细菌（化脓链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌）的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。采用 2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和铁还原能力（FRP）模型评估提取物的抗氧化潜力。采用噻唑蓝比色法（MTT）评估叶丙酮提取物的细胞毒性。
甲醇叶提取物具有最高的酚含量（113.20mg TAE/g），而正己烷提取物具有最高的单宁含量（22.98mg GAE/g）。丙酮茎提取物具有最高的酚含量（338mg TAE/g），茎提取物的总单宁含量最高（49.87mg GAE/g）。甲醇叶提取物的 MIC 值最低（0.31mg/mL），而茎乙醇提取物的 MIC 值最低（0.31mg/mL）。甲醇茎提取物具有最强的 DPPH 自由基清除活性（IC72µg/mL），而乙醇茎提取物的 FRP 最大，吸光度为 1.916。叶丙酮提取物的细胞毒性最低，致死浓度（LC）为 0.63mg/mL。
本研究结果验证了 C. bispinosa 对口腔感染的保护作用。
