Valencia-Florez Kenji Baruch, Sánchez-Castillo Hugo, Vázquez Priscila, Zarate Pavel, Paz Diana Berenice
Neuropsychopharmacology Lab. Psychobiology and Neurosciences Department. Psychology School National University of Mexico (UNAM)., México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México University of Mexico Mexico.
Ibeoramerican Society of Applied Neurosciences (SINA) , México. Ibeoramerican Society of Applied Neurosciences México.
Int J Psychol Res (Medellin). 2023 Oct 10;16(2):105-121. doi: 10.21500/20112084.5815. eCollection 2023 Jul-Dec.
Stress is fundamental for health and adaptation; it is an evolutionarily conserved response that involves several systems in the organism. The study of the stress response could be traced back to the end of the nineteenth century with George Beard's or Claude Bernard's work and, from that moment on, several studies that have allowed the elucidation of its neurobiology and the consequences of suffering from it were consolidated. In this theoretical review, we discuss the most relevant researches to our knowledge on the study of stress response, from the concept of stress, its neurobiology, the hormonal response during stress, as well as its regulation, the effects of acute and chronic stress, stress from cognition, the different stress responses during life, as well as its relationship with different psychiatric disorders. Taken together, the reviewed research updates the classic perspective on stress, increasing the factors that should be considered in research to explore the effects of stress on health.
压力对于健康和适应至关重要；它是一种进化上保守的反应，涉及生物体中的多个系统。对应激反应的研究可以追溯到19世纪末乔治·比尔德或克洛德·贝尔纳的工作，从那时起，多项研究得以巩固，从而阐明了其神经生物学以及遭受应激反应的后果。在这篇理论综述中，我们讨论了据我们所知关于应激反应研究的最相关研究，从压力的概念、其神经生物学、应激期间的激素反应及其调节、急性和慢性应激的影响、认知应激、生命过程中的不同应激反应以及它与不同精神疾病的关系。综上所述，所综述的研究更新了关于压力的经典观点，增加了在探索压力对健康影响的研究中应考虑的因素。
