Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Cardiol Young. 2024 May;34(5):1091-1099. doi: 10.1017/S1047951123004225. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
Children with chronic illnesses report being bullied by peers, yet little is known about bullying among children with heart conditions. Using 2018-2020 National Survey of Children's Health data, the prevalence and frequency of being bullied in the past year (never; annually or monthly; weekly or daily) were compared between children aged 6-17 years with and without heart conditions. Among children with heart conditions, associations between demographic and health characteristics and being bullied, and prevalence of diagnosed anxiety or depression by bullying status were examined. Differences were assessed with chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression using predicted marginals to produce adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Weights yielded national estimates. Of 69,428 children, 2.2% had heart conditions. Children with heart conditions, compared to those without, were more likely to be bullied (56.3% and 43.3% respectively; adjusted prevalence ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.3 [1.2, 1.4]) and bullied more frequently (weekly or daily = 11.2% and 5.3%; p < 0.001). Among children with heart conditions, characteristics associated with greater odds of weekly or daily bullying included ages 9-11 years compared to 15-17 years (3.4 [2.0, 5.7]), other genetic or inherited condition (1.7 [1.0, 3.0]), ever overweight (1.7 [1.0, 2.8]), and a functional limitation (4.8 [2.7, 8.5]). Children with heart conditions who were bullied, compared to never, more commonly had anxiety (40.1%, 25.9%, and 12.8%, respectively) and depression (18.0%, 9.3%, and 4.7%; p < 0.01 for both). Findings highlight the social and psychological needs of children with heart conditions.
患有慢性疾病的儿童报告曾遭受同龄人的欺凌，但鲜少有人了解患有心脏疾病儿童的受欺凌状况。本研究利用 2018-2020 年全国儿童健康调查数据，对比了 6-17 岁患有和不患有心脏疾病儿童在过去一年（从未；每年或每月；每周或每日）被欺凌的发生率和频率。在患有心脏疾病的儿童中，还探讨了人口统计学和健康特征与受欺凌之间的关系，以及根据受欺凌状况诊断出焦虑或抑郁的患病率。采用卡方检验和多变量逻辑回归（使用预测边缘值得出调整后患病率比和 95%置信区间）评估差异。权重计算得出全国估计值。在 69428 名儿童中，有 2.2%患有心脏疾病。与不患有心脏疾病的儿童相比，患有心脏疾病的儿童更有可能被欺凌（分别为 56.3%和 43.3%；调整后患病率比[95%置信区间]=1.3[1.2, 1.4]），且被欺凌的频率更高（每周或每日=11.2%和 5.3%；p<0.001）。在患有心脏疾病的儿童中，与每周或每日被欺凌风险增加相关的特征包括年龄 9-11 岁（与 15-17 岁相比）（3.4[2.0, 5.7]）、其他遗传或先天性疾病（1.7[1.0, 3.0]）、超重（1.7[1.0, 2.8]）和功能障碍（4.8[2.7, 8.5]）。与从未被欺凌的儿童相比，患有心脏疾病且被欺凌的儿童更常见焦虑（分别为 40.1%、25.9%和 12.8%）和抑郁（分别为 18.0%、9.3%和 4.7%；两者均 p<0.01）。研究结果突出了患有心脏疾病儿童的社会和心理需求。
