Vrielinck Joris, Janssens Geert P J, Chantziaras Ilias, Cools An, Maes Dominiek
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Veterinary Practice, Hospitaalstraat 38, 8906 Ieper-Elverdinge, Belgium.
Vet Sci. 2023 Dec 3;10(12):688. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10120688.
This paper describes cases of urolithiasis in fattening pigs on two farms (A and B). Bladder rupture due to urethral obstruction with calculi was the principal finding during the necropsy of the pigs. An in-depth diagnostic examination was performed to elucidate possible pathophysiological mechanisms, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR) analysis of the uroliths, blood analysis (farm A: 5 samples, farm B: 10 samples) for assessing concentrations of minerals, the bone resorption marker cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D components, biochemical urinalysis (farm A: 5 samples, farm B: 7 samples), microscopic examination of urinary sediment (Farms A and B: 7 samples each), mineral composition of the feed, and analysis of the drinking water. Calcium carbonate was the main component found in stones from both farms, and calcium carbonate and struvite were the main components found in crystals from farms A and B, respectively. On farm A, urinary calcium excretion and urinary pH were high; on farm B, urinary phosphorus was high and urinary calcium was low with a normal urinary pH. The mineral compositions of the feed and drinking water were similar on both farms and could therefore not explain the difference between the two farms. Disturbances in calcium and phosphorus absorption and homeostasis might have been involved in these problems. Further research should focus on the calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the feed and take into account other factors, such as the absorption and excretion of minerals due to gut and urinary microbiota.
本文描述了两个猪场（A和B）育肥猪的尿石症病例。猪尸检的主要发现是结石导致尿道阻塞引起膀胱破裂。进行了深入的诊断检查以阐明可能的病理生理机制，即对尿石进行傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析、血液分析（猪场A：5份样本，猪场B：10份样本）以评估矿物质浓度、骨吸收标志物1型胶原蛋白交联C端肽（CTX）、甲状旁腺激素（PTH）和维生素D成分、生化尿液分析（猪场A：5份样本，猪场B：7份样本）、尿沉渣显微镜检查（猪场A和B各7份样本）、饲料矿物质成分分析以及饮用水分析。两个猪场结石中发现的主要成分都是碳酸钙，而猪场A和B晶体中发现的主要成分分别是碳酸钙和鸟粪石。在猪场A，尿钙排泄量和尿液pH值较高；在猪场B，尿磷较高，尿钙较低，尿液pH值正常。两个猪场饲料和饮用水的矿物质成分相似，因此无法解释两个猪场之间的差异。钙和磷吸收及内稳态的紊乱可能与这些问题有关。进一步的研究应关注饲料中的钙、磷和维生素D水平，并考虑其他因素，如肠道和泌尿微生物群对矿物质的吸收和排泄。
