Serena-Romero Gloricel, Ignot-Gutiérrez Anaís, Conde-Rivas Osvaldo, Lima-Silva Marlenne Y, Martínez Armando J, Guajardo-Flores Daniel, Cruz-Huerta Elvia
Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa 91193, Veracruz, Mexico.
Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa 91193, Veracruz, Mexico.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Dec 5;12(12):2075. doi: 10.3390/antiox12122075.
This study evaluated the impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the digestibility, amino acid release, and antioxidant activity of proteins from amaranth ( L.) and cañihua ( Aellen). Antioxidant activity was assessed using ORAC, ABTS, DPPH, and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assays in human intestinal Caco-2 and hepatic Hep-G2 cell lines. The results showed that amaranth had higher protein digestibility (79.19%) than cañihua (71.22%). In addition, intestinal digestion promoted the release of essential amino acids, such as leucine, lysine, and phenylalanine, in both protein concentrates. Concentrations of amaranth and cañihua proteins, ranging from 0.125 to 1.0 mg mL, were non-cytotoxic in both cell lines. At a concentration of 0.750 mg mL, simulated gastrointestinal digestion enhanced cellular antioxidant activity. Intestinal digest fractions containing peptides >5 kDa were the principal contributors to CAA in both cell lines. Notably, cañihua proteins exhibited high CAA, reaching values of 85.55% and 82.57% in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, respectively, compared to amaranth proteins, which reached 84.68% in Caco-2 and 81.06% in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, both amaranth and cañihua proteins, after simulated gastrointestinal digestion, showcased high digestibility and released peptides and amino acids with potent antioxidant properties, underscoring their potential health benefits.
本研究评估了体外胃肠道消化对苋属植物（L.）和假藜（Aellen）蛋白质的消化率、氨基酸释放及抗氧化活性的影响。使用氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）、2,2'-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸（ABTS）、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）以及在人肠道Caco-2和肝脏Hep-G2细胞系中的细胞抗氧化活性（CAA）测定法评估抗氧化活性。结果表明，苋属植物的蛋白质消化率（79.19%）高于假藜（71.22%）。此外，肠道消化促进了两种蛋白质浓缩物中亮氨酸、赖氨酸和苯丙氨酸等必需氨基酸的释放。在两种细胞系中，浓度范围为0.125至1.0 mg/mL的苋属植物和假藜蛋白质均无细胞毒性。在浓度为0.750 mg/mL时，模拟胃肠道消化增强了细胞抗氧化活性。在两种细胞系中，含有分子量>5 kDa肽段的肠道消化组分是细胞抗氧化活性的主要贡献者。值得注意的是，假藜蛋白质表现出较高的细胞抗氧化活性，在Caco-2细胞和HepG2细胞中分别达到85.55%和82.57%，而苋属植物蛋白质在Caco-2细胞中为84.68%，在HepG2细胞中为81.06%。总之，苋属植物和假藜蛋白质在模拟胃肠道消化后均表现出高消化率，并释放出具有强大抗氧化特性的肽段和氨基酸，凸显了它们潜在的健康益处。
