Eldakhakhny Basmah, Enani Sumia, Jambi Hanan, Ajabnoor Ghada, Al-Ahmadi Jawaher, Al-Raddadi Rajaa, Alsheikh Lubna, Abdulaal Wesam H, Gad Hoda, Borai Anwar, Bahijri Suhad, Tuomilehto Jaakko
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia.
Biomedicines. 2023 Dec 7;11(12):3242. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11123242.
(1) Introduction: given the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Saudi Arabia, especially in Jeddah, this study aims to understand the dietary and lifestyle-related risk factors among Jeddah's non-diabetic adults. (2) Material and Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, non-diabetic adults were sourced from public healthcare centers. Demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits were surveyed. Blood pressure, anthropometrics, and fasting blood samples measuring plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were collected. The age cut-off for MetS was ascertained using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Variables influencing MetS were evaluated using univariate logistic regression, and consequential factors underwent multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and sex. (3) Results: Among 1339 participants, 16% had MetS, with age being the strongest predictor ( < 0.001). The optimal age cut-off was 32 years. For those <32, elevated BP in men and waist circumference (WC) in women were most prevalent. For those >32, elevated WC was dominant in both sexes. Univariate logistic regression revealed that higher income and education correlated with lower MetS prevalence, while marriage and smoking were risk factors. Adjusting for age and sex, only very high income had a significant low-risk association ( = 0.034). (4) Conclusion: MetS is notable in the studied group, with age as the pivotal predictor. High income reduces MetS risk, while marital status and smoking could increase it. Since this was a cross-sectional study, cohort studies are needed to validate our findings.
(1) 引言：鉴于沙特阿拉伯，尤其是吉达市代谢综合征（MetS）的高患病率，本研究旨在了解吉达市非糖尿病成年人中与饮食和生活方式相关的风险因素。(2) 材料与方法：采用横断面设计，从公共医疗中心选取非糖尿病成年人。对人口统计学、生活方式和饮食习惯进行调查。收集血压、人体测量数据以及测量血浆葡萄糖、血清甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的空腹血样。使用受试者工作特征曲线确定代谢综合征的年龄临界值。使用单因素逻辑回归评估影响代谢综合征的变量，后续因素进行多因素分析，并对年龄和性别进行校正。(3) 结果：在1339名参与者中，16%患有代谢综合征，年龄是最强的预测因素（<0.001）。最佳年龄临界值为32岁。对于32岁以下的人群，男性血压升高和女性腰围（WC）增加最为普遍。对于32岁以上的人群，腰围增加在两性中都占主导地位。单因素逻辑回归显示，较高的收入和教育水平与较低的代谢综合征患病率相关，而结婚和吸烟是风险因素。校正年龄和性别后，只有极高收入有显著的低风险关联（=0.034）。(4) 结论：在所研究的群体中，代谢综合征较为显著，年龄是关键预测因素。高收入可降低代谢综合征风险，而婚姻状况和吸烟可能会增加风险。由于这是一项横断面研究，需要进行队列研究来验证我们的发现。
