Jambi Hanan, Enani Sumia, Malibary Manal, Bahijri Suhad, Eldakhakhny Basmah, Al-Ahmadi Jawaher, Al Raddadi Rajaa, Ajabnoor Ghada, Boraie Anwar, Tuomilehto Jaakko
Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Nutr Metab Insights. 2020 Oct 15;13:1178638820965258. doi: 10.1177/1178638820965258. eCollection 2020.
Study the association of dietary habits and other indicators of lifestyle with dysglycemia in Saudi adults.
In a cross-sectional design, data were obtained from 1403 Saudi adults (⩾20 years), not previously diagnosed with diabetes. Demographics, lifestyle variables and dietary habits were obtained using a predesigned questionnaire. Fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test were used to identify dysglycemia. Regression analysis was performed to determine the associations of dietary factors and other indicators of lifestyle with dysglycemia.
A total 1075 adults (596 men, and 479 women) had normoglycemia, and 328 (195 men, and 133 women) had dysglycemia. Following adjustment for age, BMI and waist circumference, in men the weekly intake of 5 portions or more of red meat and Turkish coffee were associated with decreased odds of having dysglycemia odds ratio (OR) 0.444 (95% CI: 0.223, 0.881; = .02) and 0.387 (95% CI: 0.202, 0.74; = .004), respectively. In women, the intake of fresh juice 1 to 4 portions per week and 5 portions or more were associated with OR 0.603 (95% CI: 0.369, 0.985; = .043) and OR 0.511 (95% CI: 0.279, 0.935; = .029) decreased odds of having dysglycemia, respectively compared with women who did not drink fresh juice. The intake of 5 times or more per week of hibiscus drink was associated with increased odds of having dysglycemia, OR 5.551 (95% CI: 1.576, 19.55, = .008) compared with women not using such a drink. Other lifestyle factors were not associated with dysglycemia.
Dietary practices by studied Saudis have some impact on risk of dysglycemia, with obvious sex differences.
研究沙特成年人的饮食习惯及其他生活方式指标与血糖异常之间的关联。
采用横断面设计，从1403名未曾被诊断出患有糖尿病的沙特成年人（年龄≥20岁）中获取数据。通过预先设计的问卷收集人口统计学信息、生活方式变量及饮食习惯。使用空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和1小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验来识别血糖异常情况。进行回归分析以确定饮食因素及其他生活方式指标与血糖异常之间的关联。
共有1075名成年人（596名男性和479名女性）血糖正常，328名（195名男性和133名女性）血糖异常。在对年龄、体重指数和腰围进行调整后，男性每周摄入5份或更多份红肉和土耳其咖啡与血糖异常几率降低相关，优势比（OR）分别为0.444（95%置信区间：0.223, 0.881；P = 0.02）和0.387（95%置信区间：0.202, 0.74；P = 0.004）。在女性中，每周摄入1至4份和5份或更多份鲜榨果汁与血糖异常几率降低相关，与不喝鲜榨果汁的女性相比，优势比分别为0.603（95%置信区间：0.369, 0.985；P = 0.043）和0.511（95%置信区间：0.279, 0.935；P = 0.029）。与不饮用木槿花茶的女性相比，每周饮用5次或更多次木槿花茶与血糖异常几率增加相关，优势比为5.551（95%置信区间：1.576, 19.55；P = 0.008）。其他生活方式因素与血糖异常无关。
所研究的沙特人的饮食习惯对血糖异常风险有一定影响，且存在明显的性别差异。
