Lee Jungim, Cha Seungman, Cho Yoonho, Musiba Anold, Marwa Boniphace, Mazigo Humphrey D
World Vision Korea, Yeouinaru ro, Youngdeunpo-gu, Seoul 07327, Republic of Korea.
Department of Global Development and Entrepreneurship, Graduate School of Global Development and Entrepreneurship, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea.
Life (Basel). 2023 Dec 12;13(12):2333. doi: 10.3390/life13122333.
Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis remain a public health concern in Tanzania. This study investigated the prevalence and intensities of , , and soil-transmitted helminths and associated factors in Itilima district, north-western Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2020 among 3779 primary schoolchildren in 62 primary schools and 1122 adults in 19 villages. Urine samples were obtained from each participant and examined visually for the presence of macrohaematuria, microhaematuria, and eggs using a urine dipstick and urine filtration test. A single stool sample was obtained from each participant and screened for and soil-transmitted helminths using the Kato Katz and formalin-ether concentration techniques. A questionnaire was administered to schoolchildren to elucidate the risk factors for schistosomiasis. The overall prevalence of in adults was 8.1% (95% confidence interval (CI), 6.6-9.8%). In total, 3779 schoolchildren had complete results from urine testing, and the overall prevalence of S. was 10.1% (95% CI, 9.1-11.1%). The prevalence of S. and soil-transmitted helminths was relatively low among both children and adults compared to S. . Factors associated with infection among schoolchildren were the mother's occupation, children aged 11-15 years, and water contact behaviour. The odds of having schistosomiasis infection among children aged 11-15 are 40% higher than those aged 5-10 (95% confidence interval (CI), 10-80%, = 0.04). Children of parents who are livestock keepers have 12.3 times higher odds of having infection compared to those who have small-scale businesses (95% CI, 1.0-5.4, = 0.03). Children who are in contact with infested water more than three times a week have 2.1 times higher odds of having an infection compared to those who do not (95% CI, 2.1; 1.6-2.8, < 0.001). The findings provide updated geographical information on prevalence, yielding insights into the planning and implementation of mass drug administration in rural Tanzania.
血吸虫病和土壤传播的蠕虫病仍然是坦桑尼亚的公共卫生问题。本研究调查了坦桑尼亚西北部伊蒂利马区曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、湄公血吸虫和土壤传播蠕虫的流行率、感染强度及相关因素。2020年8月至9月期间，对62所小学的3779名小学生和19个村庄的1122名成年人进行了横断面调查。从每位参与者处采集尿液样本，使用尿试纸条和尿液过滤试验肉眼检查是否存在肉眼血尿、镜下血尿和血吸虫卵。从每位参与者处采集一份粪便样本，使用加藤厚涂片法和甲醛乙醚浓缩技术筛查血吸虫和土壤传播的蠕虫。对小学生进行问卷调查，以阐明血吸虫病的危险因素。成年人中曼氏血吸虫的总体流行率为8.1%（95%置信区间（CI），6.6 - 9.8%）。共有3779名小学生获得了完整的尿液检测结果，曼氏血吸虫的总体流行率为10.1%（95%CI，9.1 - 11.1%）。与曼氏血吸虫相比，儿童和成年人中埃及血吸虫和土壤传播蠕虫的流行率相对较低。小学生中与曼氏血吸虫感染相关的因素有母亲的职业、11 - 15岁的儿童以及与水接触的行为。11 - 15岁儿童感染血吸虫病的几率比5 - 10岁儿童高40%（95%置信区间（CI），10 - 80%，P = 0.04）。父母为牲畜饲养员的儿童感染血吸虫病的几率比父母从事小生意的儿童高12.3倍（95%CI，1.0 - 5.4，P = 0.03）。每周接触受感染水超过三次的儿童感染血吸虫病的几率比不接触的儿童高2.1倍（95%CI，2.1；1.6 - 2.8，P < 0.001）。这些研究结果提供了关于流行率的最新地理信息，为坦桑尼亚农村地区大规模药物驱虫的规划和实施提供了见解。
