Mazigo Humphrey, Lee Jungim, Cho Yoonho, Cha Seungman, Jin Yan
School of Public Health, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences-Bugando, Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania.
World Vision Korea, Seoul 07327, Korea.
Parasites Hosts Dis. 2025 Feb;63(1):75-86. doi: 10.3347/PHD.24057. Epub 2025 Feb 25.
Schistosomiasis remains one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases in Tanzania. World Vision Tanzania, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health through the National Neglected Tropical Diseases Control Programme, implemented school- and community-based mass drug administrations, community-led total sanitation, and community voice and action from 2020 to 2022. This study assessed changes in the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the Itilima district of northwestern Tanzania following the implementation of these integrated interventions. A total of 1,405 students from 22 schools participated in the baseline survey in August to September 2020, and 1,320 in September 2022. Additionally, 368 adults from 8 villages participated in the baseline survey, and 401 in the endline survey. The prevalence difference was calculated to assess changes before and after the integrated interventions. We also investigated risk factors for Schistosoma haematobium infection using endline data. The prevalence difference between 2020 and 2022 was -20.0% (95% confidence interval (CI)=-22.2%--17.7%, p<0.001) for students and -19.6% (95% CI=-22.2%--17.7%, p<0.001) for adults. Individuals without a latrine were more likely to have schistosomiasis (adjusted odds ratio=5.9, 95% CI=1.7-21.5, p=0.01) compared to those who had a latrine. The findings indicate substantial changes in schistosomiasis prevalence in the study area following the implementation of integrated interventions. To sustain these achievements in Itilima, a multi-sectorial approach is highly recommended to integrate additional measures for eliminating schistosomiasis as a public health problem.
血吸虫病仍然是坦桑尼亚最普遍的被忽视的热带病之一。坦桑尼亚世界宣明会与卫生部通过国家被忽视热带病控制项目合作，在2020年至2022年期间实施了以学校和社区为基础的大规模药物管理、社区主导的全面卫生设施建设以及社区发声与行动。本研究评估了在坦桑尼亚西北部伊蒂利马区实施这些综合干预措施后血吸虫病流行率的变化。2020年8月至9月，来自22所学校的1405名学生参与了基线调查，2022年9月有1320名学生参与。此外，来自8个村庄的368名成年人参与了基线调查，401名成年人参与了终线调查。计算流行率差异以评估综合干预前后的变化。我们还使用终线数据调查了埃及血吸虫感染的危险因素。2020年至2022年期间，学生的流行率差异为-20.0%（95%置信区间（CI）=-22.2%--17.7%，p<0.001），成人为-19.6%（95%CI=-22.2%--17.7%，p<0.001）。与有厕所的人相比，没有厕所的人感染血吸虫病的可能性更大（调整后的优势比=5.9，95%CI=1.7-21.5，p=0.01）。研究结果表明，实施综合干预措施后，研究区域内血吸虫病的流行率发生了显著变化。为了在伊蒂利马维持这些成果，强烈建议采取多部门方法，纳入消除血吸虫病这一公共卫生问题的其他措施。
