Ghods Kimia, Azizi Arash, Jafari Aryan, Ghods Kian
Student of Dentistry, Membership of Dental Material Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Dept. Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
J Dent (Shiraz). 2023 Dec 1;24(4):356-371. doi: 10.30476/dentjods.2023.96835.1969. eCollection 2023 Dec.
In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly popular in dentistry because it facilitates the process of diagnosis and clinical decision-making. However, AI holds multiple prominent drawbacks, which restrict its wide application today. It is necessary for dentists to be aware of AI's pros and cons before its implementation.
Therefore, the present study was conducted to comprehensively review various applications of AI in all dental branches along with its advantages and disadvantages.
For this review article, a complete query was carried out on PubMed and Google Scholar databases and the studies published during 2010-2022 were collected using the keywords "Artificial Intelligence", "Dentistry," "Machine learning," "Deep learning," and "Diagnostic System." Ultimately, 116 relevant articles focused on artificial intelligence in dentistry were selected and evaluated.
In new research AI applications in detecting dental abnormalities and oral malignancies based on radiographic view and histopathological features, designing dental implants and crowns, determining tooth preparation finishing line, analyzing growth patterns, estimating biological age, predicting the viability of dental pulp stem cells, analyzing the gene expression of periapical lesions, forensic dentistry, and predicting the success rate of treatments, have been mentioned. Despite AI's benefits in clinical dentistry, three controversial challenges including ease of use, financial return on investment, and evidence of performance exist and need to be managed.
As evidenced by the obtained results, the most crucial progression of AI is in oral malignancies' diagnostic systems. However, AI's newest advancements in various branches of dentistry require further scientific work before being applied to clinical practice. Moreover, the immense use of AI in clinical dentistry is only achievable when its challenges are appropriately managed.
近年来，人工智能（AI）在牙科领域的应用越来越普遍，因为它有助于诊断和临床决策过程。然而，人工智能存在多个突出的缺点，这限制了它如今的广泛应用。在实施人工智能之前，牙医有必要了解其优缺点。
因此，本研究旨在全面综述人工智能在所有牙科分支中的各种应用及其优缺点。
对于这篇综述文章，在PubMed和谷歌学术数据库上进行了全面检索，并使用关键词“人工智能”、“牙科”、“机器学习”、“深度学习”和“诊断系统”收集了2010年至2022年期间发表的研究。最终，选择并评估了116篇专注于牙科人工智能的相关文章。
在新的研究中，提到了人工智能在基于放射影像视图和组织病理学特征检测牙齿异常和口腔恶性肿瘤、设计牙种植体和牙冠、确定牙齿预备完成线、分析生长模式、估计生物学年龄、预测牙髓干细胞活力、分析根尖周病变的基因表达、法医牙科以及预测治疗成功率等方面的应用。尽管人工智能在临床牙科中有诸多益处，但存在三个有争议的挑战，包括易用性、投资财务回报和性能证据，需要加以应对。
研究结果表明，人工智能最关键的进展在于口腔恶性肿瘤的诊断系统。然而，人工智能在牙科各个分支中的最新进展在应用于临床实践之前需要进一步的科学研究。此外，只有在适当应对其挑战的情况下，人工智能才能在临床牙科中得到广泛应用。
