Solomon Wogene, Janda Tibor, Molnár Zoltán
Department of Plant Science, Albert Kazmer Faculty of Mosonmagyarovar, Széchenyi István University, Hungary.
Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jan;206:108290. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108290. Epub 2023 Dec 22.
In the rhizosphere, the activities within all processes and functions are primarily influenced by plant roots, microorganisms present in the rhizosphere, and the interactions between roots and microorganisms. The rhizosphere, a dynamic zone surrounding the roots, provides an ideal environment for a diverse microbial community, which significantly shapes plant growth and development. Microbial activity in the rhizosphere can promote plant growth by increasing nutrient availability, influencing plant hormonal signaling, and repelling or outcompeting pathogenic microbial strains. Understanding the associations between plant roots and soil microorganisms has the potential to revolutionize crop yields, improve productivity, minimize reliance on chemical fertilizers, and promote sustainable plant growth technologies. The rhizosphere microbiome could play a vital role in the next green revolution and contribute to sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture. However, there are still knowledge gaps concerning plant root-environment interactions, particularly regarding roots and microorganisms. Advances in metabolomics have helped to understand the chemical communication between plants and soil biota, yet challenges persist. This article provides an overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the communication and interplay between plant roots and microbes, which have been shown to impact crucial factors such as plant growth, gene expression, nutrient absorption, pest and disease resistance, and the alleviation of abiotic stress. By improving these aspects, sustainable agriculture practices can be implemented to increase the overall productivity of plant ecosystems.
在根际，所有过程和功能中的活动主要受植物根系、根际中存在的微生物以及根系与微生物之间的相互作用影响。根际是围绕根系的一个动态区域，为多样的微生物群落提供了理想环境，这对植物的生长和发育有着显著影响。根际中的微生物活动可通过增加养分有效性、影响植物激素信号传导以及排斥或竞争致病微生物菌株来促进植物生长。了解植物根系与土壤微生物之间的关联有潜力变革作物产量、提高生产力、减少对化肥的依赖并促进可持续植物生长技术。根际微生物组可能在下一次绿色革命中发挥关键作用，并有助于实现可持续和生态友好型农业。然而，在植物根系与环境相互作用方面，尤其是根系与微生物之间，仍存在知识空白。代谢组学的进展有助于理解植物与土壤生物群之间的化学通讯，但挑战依然存在。本文概述了在理解植物根系与微生物之间的通讯和相互作用方面的最新进展，这些通讯和相互作用已被证明会影响植物生长、基因表达、养分吸收、病虫害抗性以及非生物胁迫缓解等关键因素。通过改善这些方面，可以实施可持续农业实践以提高植物生态系统的整体生产力。
