Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital and Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
Network Center for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain.
Nat Prod Rep. 2024 Mar 20;41(3):469-511. doi: 10.1039/d3np00046j.
Covering: 1992 up to 2023Since their discovery, lasso peptides went from peculiarities to be recognized as a major family of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products that were shown to be spread throughout the bacterial kingdom. Microcin J25 was first described in 1992, making it one of the earliest known lasso peptides. No other lasso peptide has since then been studied to such an extent as microcin J25, yet, previous review articles merely skimmed over all the research done on this exceptional lasso peptide. Therefore, to commemorate the 30th anniversary of its first report, we give a comprehensive overview of all literature related to microcin J25. This review article spans the early work towards the discovery of microcin J25, its biosynthetic gene cluster, and the elucidation of its three-dimensional, threaded lasso structure. Furthermore, the current knowledge about the biosynthesis of microcin J25 and lasso peptides in general is summarized and a detailed overview is given on the biological activities associated with microcin J25, including means of self-immunity, uptake into target bacteria, inhibition of the Gram-negative RNA polymerase, and the effects of microcin J25 on mitochondria. The and models used to study the potential utility of microcin J25 in a (veterinary) medicine context are discussed and the efforts that went into employing the microcin J25 scaffold in bioengineering contexts are summed up.
1992 年至今自发现以来,套索肽已从鲜为人知的特点发展成为核糖体合成和翻译后修饰肽(RiPP)天然产物的主要家族之一,这些天然产物被证明广泛存在于细菌王国中。微菌素 J25 于 1992 年首次被描述,是最早被发现的套索肽之一。自那时以来,没有其他套索肽像微菌素 J25 那样被研究得如此深入,但之前的评论文章只是粗略地介绍了对这种特殊套索肽的所有研究。因此,为了纪念其首次报道 30 周年,我们全面概述了与微菌素 J25 相关的所有文献。这篇综述文章涵盖了发现微菌素 J25 的早期工作、其生物合成基因簇以及其三维、穿线套索结构的阐明。此外,还总结了目前关于微菌素 J25 和套索肽一般生物合成的知识,并详细介绍了与微菌素 J25 相关的生物学活性,包括自我免疫的手段、进入靶细菌、抑制革兰氏阴性 RNA 聚合酶以及微菌素 J25 对线粒体的影响。讨论了用于研究微菌素 J25 在(兽医)医学背景下潜在用途的 和 模型,并总结了在生物工程背景下利用微菌素 J25 支架的努力。