School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green, Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, 78300, Pakistan.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Jan 3;22(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12951-023-02253-y.
Successful oral insulin administration can considerably enhance the quality of life (QOL) of diabetes patients who must frequently take insulin injections. Oral insulin administration, on the other hand, is seriously hampered by gastrointestinal enzymes, wide pH range, mucus and mucosal layers, which limit insulin oral bioavailability to ≤ 2%. Therefore, a large number of technological solutions have been proposed to increase the oral bioavailability of insulin, in which polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are highly promising for oral insulin delivery. The recently published research articles chosen for this review are based on applications of PNPs with strong future potential in oral insulin delivery, and do not cover all related work. In this review, we will summarize the controlled release mechanisms of oral insulin delivery, latest oral insulin delivery applications of PNPs nanocarrier, challenges and prospect. This review will serve as a guide to the future investigators who wish to engineer and study PNPs as oral insulin delivery systems.
成功的口服胰岛素给药可以极大地提高需要频繁注射胰岛素的糖尿病患者的生活质量（QOL）。然而，口服胰岛素给药受到胃肠道酶、宽 pH 范围、黏液和黏膜层的严重阻碍，这将胰岛素的口服生物利用度限制在≤2%以下。因此，已经提出了大量的技术解决方案来提高胰岛素的口服生物利用度，其中聚合物纳米颗粒（PNPs）在口服胰岛素递送方面具有很高的应用前景。本综述中选择的最新研究文章基于具有强大未来潜力的 PNPs 在口服胰岛素递送中的应用，并不涵盖所有相关工作。在这篇综述中，我们将总结口服胰岛素传递中胰岛素的控制释放机制、PNPs 纳米载体的最新口服胰岛素传递应用、挑战和前景。这篇综述将为希望将 PNPs 作为口服胰岛素传递系统进行设计和研究的未来研究人员提供指导。
