School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
BMJ Open. 2024 Jan 2;14(1):e075963. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075963.
Vaccinations are an important preventative measure in reducing the spread of infectious diseases worldwide. However, concerns of undervaccination during childhood have become increasingly common. The current study aims to investigate changes in attitudes towards childhood vaccinations prior to the COVID-19 pandemic using a national sample from New Zealand.
Age-based, period-based, and cohort-based changes were assessed using cohort-sequential latent growth modelling in 11 overlapping birth cohorts, which spanned the ages of 23-79 years.
Data were taken from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study where 58 654 adults completed at least one wave across a 7-year period (2013 and 2015-2019).
The period-based and cohort-based models fit the data equally well (χ(282)=8547.93, p<0.001, comparative fit index, CFI=0.894, root mean square error of approximation, (RMSEA)=0.074, standardised root mean square residual, SRMR=0.105; χ(273)=8514.87, p<0.001, CFI=0.894, RMSEA=0.075, SRMR=0.105, respectively) suggesting societal factors contribute to childhood vaccination attitudes. Additionally, the findings suggest attitudes towards childhood vaccinations were becoming increasingly more positive in all birth cohorts (ps<0.001), with younger and older birth cohorts exhibiting even positive attitudes compared with middle-aged cohorts.
Overall, both the cohort-based and period-based models reveal changes in vaccination attitudes suggesting that even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, societal influences had an impact on attitudes towards childhood vaccination.
疫苗接种是减少全球传染病传播的重要预防措施。然而，儿童疫苗接种不足的担忧变得越来越普遍。本研究旨在使用来自新西兰的全国样本调查 COVID-19 大流行前儿童疫苗接种态度的变化。
使用队列顺序潜在增长模型，评估基于年龄、基于时期和基于队列的变化，共涉及 11 个重叠出生队列，涵盖 23-79 岁的年龄范围。
数据来自新西兰态度和价值观研究，其中 58654 名成年人在 7 年期间（2013 年至 2019 年）至少完成了一次调查。
基于时期和基于队列的模型都很好地拟合了数据（χ²(282)=8547.93，p<0.001，比较拟合指数，CFI=0.894，均方根误差逼近，（RMSEA）=0.074，标准化均方根残差，SRMR=0.105；χ²(273)=8514.87，p<0.001，CFI=0.894，RMSEA=0.075，SRMR=0.105），表明社会因素会影响儿童疫苗接种态度。此外，研究结果表明，所有出生队列的儿童疫苗接种态度都越来越积极（p<0.001），与中年队列相比，年轻和年长的出生队列表现出甚至更加积极的态度。
总体而言，基于队列和基于时期的模型都揭示了疫苗接种态度的变化，表明即使在 COVID-19 大流行之前，社会影响也对儿童疫苗接种态度产生了影响。
